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Spektrum der Augenheilkunde
Erschienen in:

01.06.2016 | DFP-Fortbildung

Sehprothesen

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. P. Walter

Erschienen in: Spektrum der Augenheilkunde | Ausgabe 3/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Sensorische Neuroprothesen zur Wiederherstellung von Sehfunktionen stellen einen technischen Ansatz zur Behandlung bisher nicht therapierbarer Erblindungen dar. Diese Prothesen bestehen aus einem technischen Sensor und einer implantierbaren Reizelektrodenmatrix im visuellen System. Die Sensorinformation wird in digitalen Signalprozessoren so aufbereitet, dass Stimulationspulsfolgen bestimmt werden können, die dann an der implantierten Multielektrodenmatrix bereitgestellt werden. Die Versorgung der Implantate mit Energie und den Daten zu den Reizpulsen erfolgt entweder über direkte Kabelanbindungen oder mithilfe induktiver telemetrischer Systeme. Es sind derzeit 2 Retinaimplantatsysteme für die Anwendung bei Patienten mit Retinitis pigmentosa zugelassen. Mit beiden Systemen lassen sich basale Sehfunktionen wiederherstellen. Die Komplikationsrate ist in Anbetracht des komplexen Eingriffes akzeptabel. Andere Systeme befinden sich noch in der Entwicklung, wobei Studien zur Zulassung derzeit von mehreren Herstellern und Konsortien vorbereitet werden.
Vorheriger Artikel Indirekte traumatische Optikusneuropathie nach Fahrradsturz
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Metadaten
Titel
Sehprothesen
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. P. Walter
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2016
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Spektrum der Augenheilkunde / Ausgabe 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0930-4282
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7523
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-016-0299-4

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