nach oben

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift

Erschienen in:

13.04.2022 | main topic

Sarcopenia—a geriatric pandemic

A narrative review

verfasst von: Marcus Köller

Erschienen in: Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift | Ausgabe 3-4/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Summary

With growing life expectancy, the prevalence of frailty and sarcopenia will continuously increase during the next decades. Geographical differences have been described, and depending on the population studied, sarcopenia is evident in 10% of community-dwelling people, increasing up to 40 to 50% among those living in nursing homes. Sarcopenia is a complex age-related process of multifactorial pathogenesis, influenced by lifestyle, nutrition, biological processes during aging, and also immunological and endocrine mechanisms. For diagnostic criteria, physical parameters (muscle mass measurement) and functional aspects (muscle strength, gait speed, physical performance) are required. In routine clinical care, screening patients using the SARC‑F questionnaire is recommended by recent guidelines of the European Workgroup for Sarcopenia.

Vorheriger Artikel Aktuelle Aspekte zur Ernährung bei Hypercholesterinämie

Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56:M146–M56.PubMedCrossRef

Bruyère O, Beaudart C, Ethgen O, Reginster JY, Locquet M. The health economics burden of sarcopenia: a systematic review. Maturitas. 2019;119:61–9.PubMedCrossRef

Cesari M, Calvani R, Marzetti E. Frailty in Older Persons. Clin Geriatr Med. 2017;33:293–303.PubMedCrossRef

Proietti M, Cesari M. Frailty: What Is It? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1216:1–7.PubMedCrossRef

Tzankoff SP, Norris AH. Effect of muscle mass decrease on age-related BMR changes. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1977;43:1001–6.PubMed

Chumlea WC, Guo SS, Vellas B, Guigoz Y. Techniques of assessing muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) for epidemiological studies of the elderly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995;50(Spec No):45–51.PubMed

Rosenberg IH. Sarcopenia: origins and clinical relevance. J Nutr. 1997;127:990s–1s.PubMedCrossRef

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sayer AA. Sarcopenia. Lancet. 2019;393:2636–46.PubMedCrossRef

Cao L, Morley JE. Sarcopenia is recognized as an independent condition by an international classification of disease, tenth revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) code. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016;17:675–7.PubMedCrossRef

10.

Falcon LJ, Harris-Love MO. Sarcopenia and the new ICD-10-CM code: screening, staging, and diagnosis considerations. Fed Pract. 2017;34:24–32.PubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Dhillon RJ, Hasni S. Pathogenesis and management of Sarcopenia. Clin Geriatr Med. 2017;33:17–26.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

12.

Jang EH, Han YJ, Jang SE, Lee S. Association between diet quality and Sarcopenia in older adults: systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Life. 2021;11(8):811–28.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

13.

Englund DA, Zhang X, Aversa Z, LeBrasseur NK. Skeletal muscle aging, cellular senescence, and senotherapeutics: current knowledge and future directions. Mech Ageing Dev. 2021;200:111595.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

14.

Hong X, Campanario S, Ramírez-Pardo RP, Grima-Terrén GT, Isern J, Muñoz-Cánoves MC. Stem cell aging in the skeletal muscle: the importance of communication. Ageing Res Rev. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101528.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Yin L, Li N, Jia W, et al. Skeletal muscle atrophy: from mechanisms to treatments. Pharmacol Res. 2021;172:105807.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Volpi E, Campbell WW, Dwyer JT, et al. Is the optimal level of protein intake for older adults greater than the recommended dietary allowance? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68:677–81.PubMedCrossRef

17.

Nishimura Y, Højfeldt G, Breen L, Tetens I, Holm L. Dietary protein requirements and recommendations for healthy older adults: a critical narrative review of the scientific evidence. Nutr Res Rev. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422421000329.CrossRefPubMed

18.

McKendry J, Thomas ACQ, Phillips SM. Muscle mass loss in the older critically ill population: potential therapeutic strategies. Nutr Clin Pract. 2020;35:607–16.PubMedCrossRef

19.

Giudice J, Taylor JM. Muscle as a paracrine and endocrine organ. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2017;34:49–55.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

20.

Severinsen MCK, Pedersen BK. Muscle-organ crosstalk: the emerging roles of Myokines. Endocr Rev. 2020;41:594–609.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

21.

Laurens C, Bergouignan A, Moro C. Exercise-released Myokines in the control of energy metabolism. Front Physiol. 2020;11:91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

22.

Mancinelli R, Checcaglini F, Coscia F, Gigliotti P, Fulle S, Fanò-Illic G. Biological Aspects of Selected Myokines in Skeletal Muscle: Focus on Aging. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(16):8520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168520.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Baczek J, Silkiewicz M, Wojszel ZB. Myostatin as a Biomarker of Muscle Wasting and other Pathologies-State of the Art and Knowledge Gaps. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2401. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082401.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Wiedmer P, Jung T, Castro JP, et al. Sarcopenia—molecular mechanisms and open questions. Ageing Res Rev. 2021;65:101200.PubMedCrossRef

25.

Riuzzi F, Sorci G, Arcuri C, et al. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sarcopenia: the S100B perspective. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018;9:1255–68.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

26.

Vicenti G, Bortone I, Bizzoca D, et al. Bridging the gap between serum biomarkers and biomechanical tests in musculoskeletal ageing. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2020;34:263–74. Congress of the Italian Orthopaedic Research Society.PubMed

27.

Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Vitamin D in geriatric patients. Internist. 2020;61:535–40.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Ganapathy A, Nieves JW. Nutrition and Sarcopenia–What Do We Know? Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1755. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061755.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Bulgakova SV, Treneva EV, Zakharova NO. Hypovitaminosis D in the elderly: relationship with sarcopenia and dementia (review of literature). Klin Lab Diagn. 2021;66:5–9.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Gana W, De Luca A, Debacq C, Poitau F, Poupin P, Aidoud A, Fougère B. Analysis of the Impact of Selected Vitamins Deficiencies on the Risk of Disability in Older People. Nutrients. 2021;13(9):3163. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093163.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

31.

Kupisz-Urbańska M, Płudowski P, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E. Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Patients-Problems of Sarcopenia, Drug Interactions, Management in Deficiency. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1247. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041247.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

32.

Abiri B, Vafa M. Vitamin D and muscle Sarcopenia in aging. Methods Mol Biol. 2020;2138:29–47.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Montenegro KR, Cruzat V, Carlessi R, Newsholme P. Mechanisms of vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutr Res Rev. 2019;32:192–204.PubMedCrossRef

34.

Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC-F: a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14:531–2.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Drey M, Ferrari U, Schraml M, et al. German version of SARC-F: translation, adaption, and validation. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21:747–751.e1.PubMedCrossRef

36.

Shardell M, Semba RD, Kalyani RR, Hicks GE, Bandinelli S, Ferrucci L. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, plasma Klotho, and lower-extremity physical performance among older adults: findings from the inCHIANTI study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015;70:1156–62.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

37.

Shardell M, Cappola AR, Guralnik JM, et al. Sex-specific 25-hydroxyvitamin D threshold concentrations for functional outcomes in older adults: PRoject on Optimal VItamin D in Older adults (PROVIDO). Am J Clin Nutr. 2021;114:16–28.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

38.

Remelli F, Vitali A, Zurlo A, Volpato S. Vitamin D Deficiency and Sarcopenia in Older Persons. Nutrients. 2019;11(12):2861. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122861.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Uchitomi R, Oyabu M, Kamei Y. Vitamin D and Sarcopenia: Potential of Vitamin D Supplementation in Sarcopenia Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):3189. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103189.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Cannataro R, Carbone L, Petro JL, Cione E, Vargas S, Angulo H, Forero DA, Odriozola-Martínez A, Kreider RB, Bonilla DA. Sarcopenia: Etiology, Nutritional Approaches, and miRNAs. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(18):9724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189724.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

41.

Foreman NA, Hesse AS, Ji LL. Redox Signaling and Sarcopenia: Searching for the Primary Suspect. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(16):9045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169045.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Sendama W. The effect of ageing on the resolution of inflammation. Ageing Res Rev. 2020;57:101000.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

43.

Wilson D, Jackson T, Sapey E, Lord JM. Frailty and sarcopenia: the potential role of an aged immune system. Ageing Res Rev. 2017;36:1–10.PubMedCrossRef

44.

Pan L, Xie W, Fu X, et al. Inflammation and sarcopenia: a focus on circulating inflammatory cytokines. Exp Gerontol. 2021;154:111544.PubMedCrossRef

45.

Nelke C, Dziewas R, Minnerup J, Meuth SG, Ruck T. Skeletal muscle as potential central link between sarcopenia and immune senescence. EBioMedicine. 2019;49:381–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

46.

Larsson L, Degens H, Li M, et al. Sarcopenia: aging-related loss of muscle mass and function. Physiol Rev. 2019;99:427–511.PubMedCrossRef

47.

Petermann-Rocha F, Balntzi V, Gray SR, Lara J, Ho FK, Pell JP, Celis-Morales C. Global prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022;13(1):86–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12783.CrossRefPubMed

48.

Santos-Eggimann B, Cuénoud P, Spagnoli J, Junod J. Prevalence of frailty in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Europeans living in 10 countries. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64:675–81.PubMedCrossRef

49.

Reiss J, Iglseder B, Alzner R, et al. Consequences of applying the new EWGSOP2 guideline instead of the former EWGSOP guideline for sarcopenia case finding in older patients. Age Ageing. 2019;48:719–24.PubMedCrossRef

50.

Mayhew AJ, Amog K, Phillips S, et al. The prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, an exploration of differences between studies and within definitions: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Age Ageing. 2019;48:48–56.PubMedCrossRef

51.

Papadopoulou SK, Tsintavis P, Potsaki P, Papandreou D. Differences in the prevalence of Sarcopenia in community-dwelling, nursing home and hospitalized individuals. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24:83–90.PubMedCrossRef

52.

Lauretani F, Russo CR, Bandinelli S, et al. Age-associated changes in skeletal muscles and their effect on mobility: an operational diagnosis of sarcopenia. J Appl Physiol. 2003;95:1851–60.PubMedCrossRef

53.

Goodpaster BH, Park SW, Harris TB, et al. The loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass, and quality in older adults: the health, aging and body composition study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006;61:1059–64.PubMedCrossRef

54.

Baumgartner RN, Koehler KM, Gallagher D, et al. Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. Am Epidemiol Rev. 1998;147:755–63.CrossRef

55.

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing. 2010;39:412–23.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

56.

Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Ross R. Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:889–96PubMedCrossRef

57.

Muscaritoli M, Anker SD, Argilés J, et al. Consensus definition of sarcopenia, cachexia and pre-cachexia: joint document elaborated by Special Interest Groups (SIG) “cachexia-anorexia in chronic wasting diseases” and “”nutrition in geriatrics“. Clin Nutr. 2010;29:154–9.PubMedCrossRef

58.

Cesari M, Pahor M, Lauretani F, et al. Skeletal muscle and mortality results from the InCHIANTI Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64:377–84.PubMedCrossRef

59.

Xia L, Zhao R, Wan Q, et al. Sarcopenia and adverse health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. Cancer Med. 2020;9:7964–78.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

60.

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019;48:16–31.PubMedCrossRef

61.

Buckinx F, Landi F, Cesari M, et al. Pitfalls in the measurement of muscle mass: a need for a reference standard. J cachexia sarcopenia muscle. 2018;9:269–78.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

62.

Chen LK, Liu LK, Woo J, et al. Sarcopenia in Asia: consensus report of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15:95–101.PubMedCrossRef

63.

Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian working group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on Sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21:300–307.e2.PubMedCrossRef

64.

Beaudart C, McCloskey E, Bruyère O, et al. Sarcopenia in daily practice: assessment and management. BMC Geriatr. 2016;16:170.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

65.

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Kiesswetter E, Drey M, Sieber CC. Nutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017;29:43–8.PubMedCrossRef

66.

Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for Sarcopenia (ICFSR): screening, diagnosis and management. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22:1148–61.PubMedCrossRef

67.

Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, et al. Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013;14:542–59.PubMedCrossRef

68.

Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, et al. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009;339:b3692.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

69.

Beaudart C, Buckinx F, Rabenda V, et al. The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:4336–45.PubMedCrossRef

70.

Shin MJ, Jeon YK, Kim IJ. Testosterone and Sarcopenia. World J Mens Health. 2018;36:192–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

71.

Kim JW, Kim R, Choi H, Lee SJ, Bae GU. Understanding of sarcopenia: from definition to therapeutic strategies. Arch Pharm Res. 2021;44:876–89.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Sarcopenia—a geriatric pandemic
A narrative review
verfasst von: Marcus Köller
Publikationsdatum: 13.04.2022
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift / Ausgabe 3-4/2023
Print ISSN: 0043-5341
Elektronische ISSN: 1563-258X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-022-00927-0

Springer Medizin Österreich

Summary

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3-4/2023

Perimortem Caesarean section because of a live fetus: case report and literature review

Life satisfaction and anxiety in women with urinary incontinence

Interleukin 10 rs1800896 and interleukin 1B rs16944 polymorphisms and cervical cancer: Correspondence

Focal increta placentomegaly of the posterior nonscarred uterine wall and posterior asynclitic presentation

Aktuelle Aspekte zur Ernährung bei Hypercholesterinämie

Interleukin 10 rs1800896 and interleukin 1B rs16944 polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer