Skip to main content

Home

Zeitschriften

Zeitungen

Podcast

Gesundheitspolitik

Praxis

Leben

Jobs

Fachgebiete

Allgemeinmedizin
Anästhesiologie & Intensivmedizin
Augenheilkunde
Chirurgie
Dermatologie
Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe
HNO
Innere Medizin
Kinder & Jugendheilkunde
Neurologie & Psychiatrie
Orthopädie & Unfallchirurgie
Pflege
Urologie
Zahnmedizin
Apotheke

Subfächer Innere Medizin

Diabetologie
Gastroenterologie
Infektiologie
Kardiologie
Onkologie und Hämatologie
Pneumologie
Rheumatologie

Fortbildungen

DFP-Literaturstudium-Artikel
DFP-Webcast Fortbildungen
DFP-Podcasts
Erweiterte Suche
Login
nach oben
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift

Tipp

Weitere Artikel dieser Ausgabe durch Wischen aufrufen

Erschienen in: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 3-4/2021

12.06.2020 | review article

A glimpse into the efficacy of alternative therapies in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia

verfasst von: Rahat Ullah, Junaid Wazir, Md Amir Hossain, Maladho Tanta Diallo, Farhan Ullah Khan, Awais Ullah Ihsan, Xiaohui Zhou

Erschienen in: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift | Ausgabe 3-4/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten
share
TEILEN

Summary

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease that can cause uncomfortable lower urinary tract symptoms. The occurrence of symptomatic BPH develops after the age of 40 years and increases gradually with age to reach more than 50% at the age of 60 years and severely disturbs the quality of life of the patients. Alpha-blockers and 5‑alpha reductase inhibitors are first-line agents used for the treatment of BPH. Due to the adverse effects of these conventional therapies, many patients turn to phytotherapy and other alternative therapies. This review covers alternative therapies, i.e., phytotherapy (cernilton, eviprostat, quercetin, saw palmetto and pumpkin seed) and physical therapy (acupuncture, aquablation, pulsed electromagnetic field, prostate urethral lift, radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy, thermobalancing therapy, and transurethral needle ablation) commonly used in the management of BPH.
Vorheriger Artikel Sedentary behavior and kidney function in adults: a narrative review
Nächster Artikel MUW researcher of the month
Literatur
1.
2.
3.
Allkanjari O, Vitalone A. What do we know about phytotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Life Sci. 2015;126:42–56. PubMed
4.
McVary KT. BPH: epidemiology and comorbidities. Am J Manag Care. 2006;12(5):S122–8. PubMed
5.
6.
Lee CL, Kuo HC. Pathophysiology of benign prostate enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms: current concepts. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017;29(2):79. PubMed
7.
Madersbacher S, Sampson N, Culig Z. Pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia and benign prostatic enlargement: a mini-review. Gerontology. 2019;65(5):458–64. PubMed
8.
Gacci M, Andersson KE, Chapple C, Maggi M, Mirone V, Oelke M, et al. Latest evidence on the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 2016;70(1):124–33. PubMed
9.
Calixto JB. Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents). Braz J Med Biol Res. 2000;33(2):179–89. PubMed
10.
Shoskes DA, Manickam K. Herbal and complementary medicine in chronic prostatitis. World J Urol. 2003;21(2):109–13. PubMed
11.
Buck AC. Phytotherapy for the prostate. Br J Urol. 1996;78(3):325–36. PubMed
12.
Nakase K, Takenaga K, Hamanaka T, Kimura M. Inhibitory effect and synergism of cernitin pollen extract on the urethral smooth muscle and diaphragm of the rat. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1988;91(6):385–92. PubMed
13.
Buck AC, Cox R, Rees RWM, Ebeling L, John A. Treatment of outflow tract obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia with the pollen extract cernilton: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Urol. 1990;66(4):398–404. PubMed
14.
Xu J, Qian WQ, Song JD. A comparative study on different doses of cernilton for preventing the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2008;14(6):533–7. PubMed
15.
Tagaya M, Oka M, Ueda M, Takagaki K, Tanaka M, Ohgi T, et al. Eviprostat suppresses proinflammatory gene expression in the prostate of rats with partial bladder-outlet obstruction: a genome-wide DNA microarray analysis. Cytokine. 2009;47(3):185–93. PubMed
16.
Azimi H, Khakshur AA, Aghdasi I, Fallah-Tafti M, Abdollahi M. A review of animal and human studies for management of benign prostatic hyperplasia with natural products: perspective of new pharmacological agents. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2012;11(3):207–21. PubMed
17.
Ishigooka M, Hashimoto T, Hayami S, Tomaru M, Nakada T, Mitobe K. Clinical and retrospective evaluation of eviprostat: a non-hormonal and non-neuropharmacological agent for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int Urol Nephrol. 1995;27(1):61–6. PubMed
18.
Song Y, Li NC, Wang XF, Ma LL, Wan B, Hong BF, et al. Clinical study of eviprostat for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2005;11(9):674–6. PubMed
19.
Matsumoto S, Hanai T, Matsui T, Oka M, Tanaka M, Uemura H. Eviprostat suppresses urinary oxidative stress in a rabbit model of partial bladder outlet obstruction and in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Phytother Res. 2010;24(2):301–3. PubMed
20.
Lesjak M, Beara I, Simin N, Pintać D, Majkić T, Bekvalac K, et al. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of quercetin and its derivatives. J Funct Foods. 2018;40:68–75.
21.
Gardi C, Bauerova K, Stringa B, Kuncirova V, Slovak L, Ponist S, et al. Quercetin reduced inflammation and increased antioxidant defense in rat adjuvant arthritis. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2015;583:150–7. PubMed
22.
Ma Z, Hung Nguyen T, Hoa Huynh T, Tien Do P, Huynh H. Reduction of rat prostate weight by combined quercetin-finasteride treatment is associated with cell cycle deregulation. J Endocrinol. 2004;181(3):493–508. PubMed
23.
Hashemzaei M, Delarami Far A, Yari A, Heravi RE, Tabrizian K, Taghdisi SM, et al. Anticancer and apoptosis-inducing effects of quercetin in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep. 2017;38(2):819–28. PubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Shoskes DA, Zeitlin SI, Shahed A, Rajfer J. Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 1999;54(6):960–3. PubMed
25.
Ghorbanibirgani A. Efficacy of quercetin in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a double-blind randomized clinical trial in Iran 2011. Contraception. 2012;85(3):321.
26.
Dreikorn K, Richter R, Ackerman R, Schroeder FH. Conservative nonhormonal treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. New Dev Biosci. 1989;5:109–31.
27.
Buck AC. Is there a scientific basis for the therapeutic effects of serenoa repens in benign prostatic hyperplasia? Mechanisms of action. J Urol. 2004;172(5):1792–9. PubMed
28.
Roehrborn CG, McConnell JD. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: etiology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and natural history. 2016.
29.
Suzuki M, Ito Y, Fujino T, Abe M, Umegaki K, Onoue S, et al. Pharmacological effects of saw palmetto extract in the lower urinary tract. Chung Kuo Yao Li Hsueh Pao. 2009;30(3):271–81.
30.
Sinescu I, Geavlete P, Multescu R, Gangu C, Miclea F, Coman I, et al. Long-term efficacy of serenoa repens treatment in patients with mild and moderate symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Int. 2011;86(3):284–9. PubMed
31.
Vinarov AZ, Spivak LG, Platonova DV, Rapoport LM, Korolev DO. 15 years’ survey of safety and efficacy of serenoa repens extract in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with risk of progression. Urol J. 2019;86(1):17–22.
32.
Debruyne F, Boyle P, Da Silva FC, Gillenwater JG, Hamdy FC, Perrin P, et al. Evaluation of the clinical benefit of permixon and tamsulosin in severe BPH patients—PERMAL study subset analysis. Eur Urol. 2004;45(6):773–80. PubMed
33.
Vela-Navarrete R, Alcaraz A, Rodríguez-Antolín A, Miñana López B, Fernández-Gómez JM, Angulo JC, et al. Efficacy and safety of a hexanic extract of serenoa repens (permixon®) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH): systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. BJU Int. 2018;122(6):1049–65. PubMed
34.
Ye Z, Huang J, Zhou L, Chen S, Wang Z, Ma L, et al. Efficacy and safety of serenoa repens extract among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia in China: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology. 2019;129:172–9. PubMed
35.
Morgia G, Privitera S. Phytotherapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia in lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia. 2018. pp. 135–75.
36.
Damiano R, Cai T, Fornara P, Franzese CA, Leonardi R, Mirone V. The role of cucurbita pepo in the management of patients affected by lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a narrative review. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016;88(2):136–43. PubMed
37.
Gossell-Williams M, Davis A, O’Connor N. Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of Sprague-Dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil. J Med Food. 2006;9(2):284–6. PubMed
38.
39.
Friederich M, Theurer C, Schiebel-Schlosser G. Prosta fink forte capsules in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Multicentric surveillance study in 2245 patients. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2000;7(4):200–4. PubMed
40.
Hong H, Kim CS, Maeng S. Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nutr Res Pract. 2009;3(4):323–7. PubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Vahlensieck W, Theurer C, Pfitzer E, Patz B, Banik N, Engelmann U. Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one-year, randomized, placebo-controlled GRANU study. Urol Int. 2015;94(3):286–95. PubMed
42.
Leibbrand M, Siefer S, Schön C, Perrinjaquet-Moccetti T, Kompek A, Csernich A, et al. Effects of an oil-free hydroethanolic pumpkin seed extract on symptom frequency and severity in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pilot study in humans. J Med Food. 2019;22(6):551–9. PubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Wazir J, Ullah R, Li S, Hossain MA, Diallo MT, Khan FU, et al. Efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a review of the literature. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51(12):2093–106. PubMed
44.
Fang J, Jin Z, Wang Y, Li K, Kong J, Nixon EE, et al. The salient characteristics of the central effects of acupuncture needling: limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network modulation. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009;30(4):1196–206. PubMed
45.
Napadow V, Lee J, Kim J, Cina S, Maeda Y, Barbieri R, et al. Brain correlates of phasic autonomic response to acupuncture stimulation: an event-related fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2013;34(10):2592–606. PubMed
46.
Chung IM, Kim YS, Sung YH, Kim SE, Ko IG, Shin MS, et al. Effects of acupuncture on abdominal leak point pressure and c‑Fos expression in the brain of rats with stress urinary incontinence. Neurosci Lett. 2008;439(1):18–23. PubMed
47.
48.
Emmons SL, Otto L. Acupuncture for overactive bladder: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106(1):138–43. PubMed
49.
Chen R, Nickel JC. Acupuncture ameliorates symptoms in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology. 2003;61(6):1156–9. PubMed
50.
Yang T, Zhang XQ, Feng YW. Efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating 93 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2008;28(11):998–1000. PubMed
51.
Yu JS, Shen KH, Chen WC, Her JS, Hsieh CL. Effects of electroacupuncture on benign prostate hyperplasia patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:303198. PubMedPubMedCentral
52.
Alraek T, Soedal LI, Fagerheim SU, Digranes A, Baerheim A. Acupuncture treatment in the prevention of uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infections in adult women. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(10):1609–11. PubMedPubMedCentral
53.
Capodice JL, Jin Z, Bemis DL, Samadi D, Stone BA, Kapan S, et al. A pilot study on acupuncture for lower urinary tract symptoms related to chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain. Chin Med. 2007;2(1):1. PubMedPubMedCentral
54.
Taktak S, Jones P, Haq A, Rai BP, Somani BK. Aquablation: a novel and minimally invasive surgery for benign prostate enlargement. Ther Adv Urol. 2018;10(6):183–8. PubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Nair SM, Pimentel MA, Gilling PJ. Evolving and investigational therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Can J Urol. 2015;22(1):82–7. PubMed
56.
Faber K, de Abreu AL, Ramos P, Aljuri N, Mantri S, Gill I, et al. Image-guided robot-assisted prostate ablation using water jet-hydrodissection: initial study of a novel technology for benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Endourol. 2015;29(1):63–9. PubMed
57.
Gilling P, Reuther R, Kahokehr A, Fraundorfer M. Aquablation—image-guided robot-assisted waterjet ablation of the prostate: initial clinical experience. BJU Int. 2016;117(6):923–9. PubMed
58.
Gilling P, Anderson P, Tan A. pd23-11 aquablation of the prostate for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: two-year results. J Urol. 2017;197(4):e451.
59.
Yafi FA, Tallman CT, Seard ML, Jordan ML. Aquablation outcomes for the US cohort of men with LUTS due to BPH in large prostates (80–150 cc). Int J Impot Res. 2018;30(5):209–14. PubMed
60.
Zorn KC, Goldenberg SL, Paterson R, So A, Elterman D, Bhojani N. Aquablation among novice users in Canada: a water II subpopulation analysis. Can Urol Assoc J. 2019;13(5):E113. PubMed
61.
Desai M, Bidair M, Zorn KC, Trainer A, Arther A, Kramolowsky E, et al. Aquablation for benign prostatic hyperplasia in large prostates (80–150 mL): 6‑month results from the water II trial. BJU Int. 2019;124(2):321–8. PubMed
62.
Johnson MT, Waite LR, Nindl G. Noninvasive treatment of inflammation using electromagnetic fields: current and emerging therapeutic potential. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2004;40:469–74. PubMed
63.
Leoci R, Aiudi G, Silvestre F, Lissner E, Lacalandra GM. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy on prostate volume and vascularity in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pilot study in a canine model. Prostate. 2014;74(11):1132–41. PubMedPubMedCentral
64.
Giannakopoulos XK, Giotis C, Karkabounas SC, Verginadis II, Simos YV, Peschos D, et al. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on benign prostate hyperplasia. Int Urol Nephrol. 2011;43(4):955–60. PubMed
65.
Tenuta M, Tarsitano MG, Fattorini G, Olivieri V, Pozza C, Mazzotta P, et al. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy effects on human prostate volume in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Maturitas. 2019;124:175.
66.
McNicholas TA. Benign prostatic hyperplasia and new treatment options—a critical appraisal of the UroLift system. Med Devices (Auckl). 2016;9:115. PubMedCentral
67.
Ray A, Morgan H, Wilkes A, Carter K, Carolan-Rees G. The Urolift system for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a NICE medical technology guidance. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2016;14(5):515–26. PubMedPubMedCentral
68.
Chung AS, Woo HH. Update on minimally invasive surgery and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Asian J Urol. 2018;5(1):22–7. PubMed
69.
Cantwell AL, Bogache WK, Richardson SF, Tutrone RF, Barkin J, Fagelson JE, et al. Multicentre prospective crossover study of the ‘prostatic urethral lift’ for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int. 2014;113(4):615–22. PubMed
70.
Roehrborn CG, Rukstalis DB, Barkin J, Gange SN, Shore ND, Giddens JL, et al. Three year results of the prostatic urethral LIFT study. Can J Urol. 2015;22(3):7772–82. PubMed
71.
Bozkurt A, Karabakan M, Keskin E, Hirik E, Balci MC, Nuhoglu B. Prostatic urethral lift: a new minimally invasive treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Int. 2016;96(2):202–6. PubMed
72.
Chin PT, Bolton DM, Jack G, Rashid P, Thavaseelan J, Yu RJ, et al. Prostatic urethral lift: two-year results after treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology. 2012;79(1):5–11. PubMed
73.
McVary KT, Gange SN, Shore ND, Bolton DM, Cowan BE, Brown BT, et al. Treatment of LUTS secondary to BPH while preserving sexual function: randomized controlled study of prostatic urethral lift. J Sex Med. 2014;11(1):279–87. PubMed
74.
McNicholas TA, Woo HH, Chin PT, Bolton D, Arjona MF, Sievert KD, et al. Minimally invasive prostatic urethral lift: surgical technique and multinational experience. Eur Urol. 2013;64(2):292–9. PubMed
75.
Shore N, Freedman S, Gange S, Moseley W, Heron S, Tutrone R, et al. Prospective multi-center study elucidating patient experience after prostatic urethral lift. Can J Urol. 2014;21(1):7094–101. PubMed
76.
Schmitz C, Császár NB, Rompe JD, Chaves H, Furia JP. Treatment of chronic plantar fasciopathy with extracorporeal shock waves. J Orthop Surg Res. 2013;8(1):31. PubMedPubMedCentral
77.
Hu M, Wazir J, Ullah R, Wang W, Cui X, Tang M, et al. Phytotherapy and physical therapy in the management of chronic prostatitis—chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51(7):1081–8. PubMed
78.
Zhang D, Wang YL, Gong DX, Zhang ZX, Yu XT, Ma YW. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a novel agent for benign prostatic hyperplasia refractory to current medical therapy. Am J Mens Health. 2019;13(1):1557988319831899. PubMedPubMedCentral
79.
Allen S, Aghajanyan IG. Benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment with new physiotherapeutic device. Urol J. 2015;12(5):2371–6. PubMed
80.
Allen S, Aghajanyan I. Use of thermobalancing therapy in ageing male with benign prostatic hyperplasia with a focus on etiology and pathophysiology. Aging Male. 2017;20(1):28–32. PubMed
81.
Aghajanyan IG, Allen S. Positive response to thermobalancing therapy enabled by therapeutic device in men with non-malignant prostate diseases: BPH and chronic prostatitis. Diseases. 2016;4(2):18. PubMedCentral
82.
Allen S, Aghajanyan IG. Thermobalancing conservative treatment for moderate-to-low-degree lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to prostate enlargement. Cogent Med. 2016;3(1):1195067.
83.
Schulman CC, Zlotta AR, Rasor JS, Hourriez L, Noel JC, Edwards SD. Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA): safety, feasibility, and tolerance of a new office procedure for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 1993;24:415–23. PubMed
84.
Bruskewitz R, Issa MM, Roehrborn CG, Naslund MJ, Perez-Marrero R, Shumaker BP, et al. A prospective, randomized 1‑year clinical trial comparing transurethral needle ablation to transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 1998;159(5):1588–94. PubMed
85.
Goldwasser B, Ramon J, Engelberg S, Ohad D, Sharkey H, Strul B, et al. Transurethral needle ablation (TUNA) of the prostate using low-level radiofrequency energy: an animal experimental study. Eur Urol. 1993;24:400–5. PubMed
86.
Christidis D, McGrath S, Perera M, Manning T, Bolton D, Lawrentschuk N. Minimally invasive surgical therapies for benign prostatic hypertrophy: the rise in minimally invasive surgical therapies. Prostate Int. 2017;5(2):41–6. PubMedPubMedCentral
87.
Braun M, Mathers M, Bondarenko B, Engelmann U. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia through transurethral needle ablation (TUNATM). Urol Int. 2004;72(1):32–9. PubMed
88.
Zlotta AR, Giannakopoulos X, Maehlum O, Ostrem T, Schulman CC. Long-term evaluation of transurethral needle ablation of the prostate (TUNA) for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical outcome up to five years from three centers. Eur Urol. 2003;44(1):89–93. PubMed
89.
Hill B, Belville W, Bruskewitz R, Perez-Marrero RA, Roehrborn C, Terris M, et al. Transurethral needle ablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: 5‑year results of a prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. J Urol. 2004;171(6):2336–40. PubMed
90.
Kahn SA, Alphonse P, Tewari A, Narayan P. An open study on the efficacy and safety of transurethral needle ablation of the prostate in treating symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: the university of Florida experience. J Urol. 1998;160(5):1695–700. PubMed
91.
Haroun H, Eltatawy H, Soliman MG, Tawfik A, Ragab MM, Ramadan A, et al. Evaluation of outcome of transurethral needle ablation for treating symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 10-year experience. Urol Ann. 2019;11(2):198. PubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
A glimpse into the efficacy of alternative therapies in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia
verfasst von
Rahat Ullah
Junaid Wazir
Md Amir Hossain
Maladho Tanta Diallo
Farhan Ullah Khan
Awais Ullah Ihsan
Xiaohui Zhou
Publikationsdatum
12.06.2020
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift / Ausgabe 3-4/2021
Print ISSN: 0043-5325
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-020-01692-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3-4/2021

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 3-4/2021 Zur Ausgabe

original article

Retinal pigment epithelial characteristics in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration

original article

Determinants of the intercept and slope of glomerular filtration rate in recipients of a live donor kidney transplant

original article

Rheumatological care in rural areas

mitteilungen der gesellschaft der ärzte in wien

Veranstaltungstipps:

review article

Update on hyperbaric oxygen therapy in burn treatment

original article

Plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels on ICU admission are associated with 30-day survival