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Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin 4/2019

26.08.2019 | Traumatologie

Moderne Gerinnungstherapie beim blutenden Schwerverletzten

Faktorengabe nach „Point-of-care“

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Marc Maegele

Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin | Ausgabe 4/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Unkontrollierte Blutungen einschließlich traumaindizierter Koagulopathie (TIK) sind nach wie vor die häufigste vermeidbare Todesursache beim Schwerverletzten, und rasche Diagnostik und Behandlung sind mit verbessertem Outcome assoziiert. Eine an Zielwerten orientierte individualisierte Therapie („goal-directed therapy“) unter Einschluss von „Point-of-care“-Verfahren ist möglicherweise der empirischen und verhältnisbasierten Therapie mit Blutprodukten vorzuziehen. Bei der vorliegenden Arbeit handelt es sich um eine selektive Literaturübersicht unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Empfehlungen/Expertenmeinungen zur Gerinnungstherapie bei blutenden Schwerverletzten über individualisierte Therapie („goal-directed therapy“) mit „Point-of-care“ viskoelastischer Substitution (ROTEM®) von Gerinnungsfaktoren und gerinnungsstabilisierenden Substanzen. Die Gabe von Fibrinogenkonzentrat beim blutenden Schwerverletzten ist ab ROTEM®-FIBTEM A10 < 10 mm (FIBTEM A5 < 9 mm; FIBTEM MCF <12 mm) und erniedrigter EXTEM A10 < 45 mm (EXTEM A5 < 35 mm; EXTEM MCF <55 mm) zu erwägen; die Gabe von Prothrombinkomplexkonzentrat (PPSB) basierend auf einer verzögerten Gerinnselinitiierung (ROTEM®-EXTEM CT >80 s). Aussagen zum Monitoring eines FXIII-Defizits oder zur Therapiesteuerung mit FXIII-Konzentraten sind derzeit nicht möglich. Viskoelastische Testverfahren zeichnen sich durch hohe Sensitivität und Spezifität für den Nachweis einer Hyperfibrinolyse mit therapeutischer Konsequenz der Gabe eines Antifibrinolytikums aus. Individualisierte Therapiekonzepte auf Grundlage von „Point-of-care“ viskoelastischen Testverfahren (ROTEM®) bieten eine sinnvolle Alternative zu den verhältnisbasierten Konzepten und sind mit reduziertem Transfusionsbedarf und reduzierter Morbidität vergesellschaftet.
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Metadaten
Titel
Moderne Gerinnungstherapie beim blutenden Schwerverletzten
Faktorengabe nach „Point-of-care“
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Marc Maegele
Publikationsdatum
26.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinisches Magazin / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1869-1757
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7817
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-019-00300-9

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