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Erschienen in: Rheuma Plus / Schweiz 1/2024

08.03.2024 | Originalien

Nephrologisches Management und Medikamentendosierung bei Rheumapatienten mit Niereninsuffizienz – Teil 1

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Stefan M. Weiner

Erschienen in: Rheuma Plus / Schweiz | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Bei Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen und Niereninsuffizienz ergeben sich für den Therapeuten zwei Herausforderungen: die Rheumatherapie an die Nierenfunktion anzupassen und eine nephroprotektive Behandlung durchzuführen, die eine langfristige Verschlechterung der Nierenfunktion verhindert und das erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Risiko reduziert.

Methoden

Mittels Literaturrecherche (PubMed) wurde der aktuelle Wissensstand zur nephroprotektiven Therapie und zur Therapie rheumatischer Erkrankungen bei Niereninsuffizienz erhoben, bewertet und zusammengefasst.

Ergebnisse

Lifestyle-Interventionen, insbesondere die Beendigung eines Nikotinkonsums, und medikamentöse Therapieansätze bilden die Grundlage der Nephroprotektion inklusive Kontrolle des Diabetes mellitus mit Metformin, SGLT2(„sodium glucose transporter 2“)-Inhibitoren, GLP1(„glucagon-like peptide 1“)-Analoga, des Bluthochdrucks mit RAAS(„renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system“)-Blockade, der Hyperlipidämie, der Hyperphosphatämie und metabolischen Azidose. SGLT2-Inhibitoren sind auch bei nichtdiabetischer Nephropathie wirksam. Das erhöhte kardiovaskuläre Risiko wird mittels effektiver Kontrolle der Rheumaaktivität weiter gesenkt.

Conclusio

Bei Patienten mit Rheuma und eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion sollte das Progressionsrisiko der Niereninsuffizienz mittels GFR(glomeruläre Filtrationsrate)-Verlauf, Proteinuriequantifizierung, ggf. neuer Urinmarker und Nierenbiopsie eingeschätzt werden. Zur nephro- und kardiovaskulären Protektion kommen Lifestyle-Modifikationen und medikamentöse Verfahren zum Einsatz inklusive konsequente Blutdruckeinstellung < 130 mm Hg systolisch, SGLT2(„sodium glucose transporter 2“)-Inhibitoren bei diabetischer und nichtdiabetischer Nephropathie und leitliniengerechte Lipidsenkung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Nephrologisches Management und Medikamentendosierung bei Rheumapatienten mit Niereninsuffizienz – Teil 1
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Stefan M. Weiner
Publikationsdatum
08.03.2024
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Rheuma Plus / Schweiz / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 3004-9253
Elektronische ISSN: 3004-8931
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s44332-024-00008-x

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