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Der späte intrauterine Fruchttod

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Die Geburtshilfe

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Unter einem späten intrauterinen Fruchttod (IUFT) versteht man das Versterben eines oder mehrerer Feten im Mutterleib ab der Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) 22+0. Die Geburt des intrauterin verstorbenen Feten mit einem Geburtsgewicht ≥500 g bezeichnet man als „Totgeburt“. In Mitteleuropa liegt die Rate an späten Einlings-IUFTs bei etwa 2,5–3,0 pro 1000 Geburten. Die häufigsten Todesursachen sind Plazentafunktionsstörung und fetale Fehlbildungen.

Die Diagnose wird anhand zweier unabhängiger Darstellungen einer negativen Herzaktion und fehlender Nabelschnurperfusion mittels Real-time-Farbdopplersonografie gestellt. Der bevorzugte Entbindungsmodus ist eine Spontangeburt. Nach der Totgeburt sollten unter allen Umständen eine Obduktion und Plazentahistologie durchgeführt werden, da diese die Todesursache in bis zu 96 % der Fälle erkenntlich machen.

Folgeschwangerschaften gelten als Risikoschwangerschaften und sollten auf Basis der bekannten Risikofaktoren individualisiert betreut werden. Die häufigsten Risikofaktoren für einen neuerlichen IUFT sind maternales Alter ≥35 Jahre, Diabetes mellitus, Thrombophilie, Sichelzellanämie, Nikotinabusus und vorangegangener IUFT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Geburtshilfe und fetomaternale Medizin, Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsfrauenklinik Wien, Wien, Österreich

    Dana Anaïs Muin

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  1. Dana Anaïs Muin
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Correspondence to Dana Anaïs Muin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Frauenklinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland

    Constantin von Kaisenberg

  2. Klinische Abteilung für Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Österreich

    Philipp Klaritsch

  3. Geburtshilfe, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel Universitätsspital, Basel Stadt, Schweiz

    Irene Hösli-Krais

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© 2023 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Muin, D.A. (2023). Der späte intrauterine Fruchttod. In: von Kaisenberg, C., Klaritsch, P., Hösli-Krais, I. (eds) Die Geburtshilfe. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44369-9_63-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44369-9_63-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44369-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44369-9

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