Endoskopie des Dünndarms

 

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Zusammenfassung

Nach Einführung der flexiblen Endoskopie für den oberen und unteren Intestinaltrakt in den 1950er Jahren und der Erschließung des bilio-pankreatischen Systems für die Endoskopie in den 1970ern ist im neuen Jahrhundert nun auch der Dünndarm mit endoskopischen Methoden in der klinischen Routinediagnostik und -therapie zugänglich. Die Kapselendoskopie steht mit hoher Genauigkeit als nicht-invasive Technik für die Abklärung verschiedener Krankheitsbilder zur Verfügung, wie mittlere intestinale Blutung, Morbus Crohn des Dünndarms und eine Reihe von weiteren Dünndarmerkrankungen wie die Überwachung beim Peutz-Jeghers-Syndrom. Die Doppelballonenteroskopie ergänzt diese Methode bei gezielter Fragestellung zur weiteren histologischen Abklärung oder nicht-chirurgischen Therapie. Das endoskopische Repertoire der Diagnostik und Therapie von Dünndarmerkrankungen wird in dieser Übersichtsarbeit dargestellt.

Summary

Routine endoscopy of the small bowel has found its way into clinical practice within the last few years. Capsule endoscopy (CE) enables with high accuracy detection of the source of mid intestinal bleeding. Crohn’s disease of the small bowel is sensitively detected and surveillance in polyposis syndroms is improved by applying sensitive, non-invasive endoscopic means. Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) may be used complementary to CE by offering therapeutic possibilities and providing histopathological specimen. This review describes the diagnostic and therapeutic repertoire that is offered by modern small bowel endoscopy.

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Dr. med. Jörg G. Albert

Universitäts- und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg

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