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Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2016; 141(06): 403-407
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-108964
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Palliativmedizin und Sterbebegleitung
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Palliativmedizin – mehr als nur Schmerzlinderung am Lebensende

The role of palliative care
Claudia Bausewein
1   Klinikum der Universität München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Palliativmedizin
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
16 March 2016 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Palliativmedizin hat die Verbesserung von Patienten mit lebensbedrohlichen Erkrankungen und ihren Angehörigen durch Symptomkontrolle, psychosoziale und spirituelle Betreuung zum Ziel. Für die Symptombehandlung sind eine genaue Einschätzung, Behandlung reversibler Ursachen und medikamentöse Therapie unterstützt von anderen therapeutischen Maßnahmen notwendig. Wahrhaftige, wertschätzende und empathische Kommunikation mit Patienten und Angehörigen sind eine wesentliche Grundlage für die Betreuung der Patienten. In der Sterbephase stehen die Kontrolle von Symptomen, die Reduktion unnötiger diagnostischer und therapeutischer Maßnahmen sowie die Begleitung der Angehörigen im Vordergrund. Palliativmedizinische Betreuung sollte für alle Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungen, unabhängig von Diagnose und Prognose zur Verfügung stehen. Ein überwiegender Teil der Betreuung erfolgt im Rahmen der allgemeinen Palliativversorgung, die Aufgabe aller im Gesundheitswesen Tätigen ist. Spezialisierte Betreuung sollte Patienten mit komplexen Patientensituationen angeboten werden. Dies kann durch spezialisierte ambulante Palliativversorgung, in Palliativstationen und durch Palliativdienste im Krankenhaus erfolgen.

Abstract

The aim of palliative care is the improvement of quality of life of patients with life limiting disease and their relatives through symptom control, psychosocial and spiritual care. Thorough assessment, treatment of reversible causes and drug therapy supported by other therapeutic measures are essential for symptom relief. Honest, respectful and empathic communication is crucial for the care of patients. In the terminal phase, symptom control, reduction of unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic measures, as well as care for the relatives are most important. Palliative care should be provided to all patients with advanced disease irrespective of diagnosis and prognosis. Most patients can be seen in generalist palliative care. Specialist palliative care should be offered to patients with complex symptoms and needs through specialist palliative home care, on palliative care units and hospital support teams.

Schlüsselwörter

Palliativmedizin - Symptomkontrolle - Kommunikation - Terminalphase - spezialisierte Palliativmedizin

Keywords

palliative care - symptom control - communication - dying phase - specialist palliative care
 

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