Abstract
Objectives
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is widely known to have a detrimental effect on bone health and is associated with increased fracture risk. Recently, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and its inhibitors sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) were found to be involved in the control of bone mass. The present study aimed to measure serum sclerostin and Dkk-1 protein levels in children and adolescents with type-1 DM and compare with other bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD).
Methods
This study was performed on 40 children and adolescents with type-I DM and 40 healthy children and adolescents. Anthropometric measurements and pubertal examination were done. In addition to laboratory analysis, dickkopf-1, sclerostin, cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTx), bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP), and osteocalcin levels were studied. BMD of the participants was measured by calcaneus ultrasonography.
Results
Dickkopf-1 levels of the children and adolescents with type-1 DM were significantly higher, vitamin D, NTx, osteocalcin, and phosphorus levels were significantly lower than those of the controls (p<0.001). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and insulin were significantly higher in the type 1 DM group (p<0.01).
Conclusions
Both bone remodeling and its compensatory mechanism bone loss are lower in children and adolescents with type-1 DM than in the controls. Also, higher levels of Dkk-1 play a role in decreased bone turnover in these patients. Since Dkk-1 and sclerostin seem to take a role in treating metabolic bone diseases in the future, we believe that our findings are significant in this respective.
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Research funding: Study was supported by Necmettin Erbakan University scientific research projects coordination unit.
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Author contributions: Kurban S, Selver Eklioglu B and Selver MB read and approved the last article. Kurban S took part in the planning, design and implementation of the project design and execution, data providing, statistical analysis and writing. Selver Eklioglu contributed in the design and planning of the project and made academic contrubition. Selver Muhammed Burak took part in patient organisation and literature search.
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Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
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Ethical approval: The local Institutional ethical approve was taken.
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