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Down-Regulation of Stromal Caveolin-1 Expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Potent Predictor of Lymph Node Metastases, Early Tumor Recurrence, and Poor Prognosis

  • Thoracic Oncology
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Recent studies have identified loss of stromal caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expression as a new prognostic histological characteristic in various types of human cancers. However, the clinical and pathological significance of stromal Cav-1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains largely unknown. We examined Cav-1 expression in both tumor and stromal cells in ESCC tissue by immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate its clinicopathological significance and prognostic value.

Methods

A total of 110 patients with ESCC who underwent surgical resection were included in this study. The expression of Cav-1 in both tumor and stromal cells in esophageal tumor tissues was examined immunohistochemically.

Results

Cav-1 expression was found in the cytoplasm of both tumor and stromal cells. Tumor Cav-1 overexpression was observed in 37.3 % tumors, which correlated to deeper tumor invasion (p = 0.038). Down-regulation of stromal Cav-1 expression was observed in 40.9 % tumors. The stromal Cav-1 down-regulation group had more lymph node metastases and more locoregional recurrences than those with higher expression (p = 0.020 and p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, down-regulation of stromal Cav-1 expression was associated with shorter disease-free survival (p < 0.001) and overall survival (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that down-regulation of stromal Cav-1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both disease-free survival (p = 0.028) and overall survival (p = 0.007).

Conclusions

Down-regulation of stromal Cav-1 expression in ESCC had high malignant potential. It predicts high-risk of lymph node metastases and locoregional recurrence, and it could be a powerful prognostic marker for patients with ESCC.

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Acknowledgment

Our research was supported by the Shandong Province Science and Technology Key Project Fund (2012GSF11852). We thank Dr. T. G. Zhang (Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China) and Dr. J. H. Zhen (Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China) for their expert suggestions and technical assistance.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Yibin Jia MD, Nana Wang MD, Jianbo Wang MD, Wei Ma MD, Kai Wang MD, Bingxu Tan MD, Guangyu Zhang MD, Shengsi Yang MD, Bing Bai MD & Yufeng Cheng MD, PhD

  2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Tian MD

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  1. Yibin Jia MD
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  2. Nana Wang MD
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  11. Yufeng Cheng MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Yufeng Cheng MD, PhD.

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Jia, Y., Wang, N., Wang, J. et al. Down-Regulation of Stromal Caveolin-1 Expression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Potent Predictor of Lymph Node Metastases, Early Tumor Recurrence, and Poor Prognosis. Ann Surg Oncol 21, 329–336 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-013-3225-x

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