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Dalbavancin: A Review in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections

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Abstract

Intravenous dalbavancin (Dalvance™; Xydalba™) is approved for use in adult patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), with the recommended regimen being a 1000 mg dose followed 1 week later by a 500 mg dose. In the multinational DISCOVER 1 and 2 trials in adult patients with ABSSSI, dalbavancin treatment was noninferior to vancomycin (for ≥3 days with an option to switch to oral linezolid to complete a 10- to 14-day course) in terms of early clinical success rates (assessed 48–72 h after initiation of treatment; primary endpoint required by the FDA to assess noninferiority in registration trials of ABSSSI). Clinical response rates were also similar in both treatment groups at the end of treatment (day 14–15), irrespective of geographic region or baseline characteristics, including by infection type, diabetes mellitus status, systemic inflammatory response syndrome status, causative pathogen and renal function. Dalbavancin was generally well tolerated, with adverse events generally being of mild to moderate intensity and transient. With its broad spectrum of activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive pathogens and its favourable pharmacokinetic profile that permits a convenient two-dose, once-weekly regimen with no requirement for therapeutic drug monitoring, dalbavancin is a promising emerging option for the treatment of ABSSSI in adult patients.

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Disclosure

The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. During the peer review process, the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on this article. Changes resulting from comments received were made by the author on the basis of scientific and editorial merit. Lesley Scott is a salaried employee of Adis/Springer.

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    Lesley J. Scott

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Correspondence to Lesley J. Scott.

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The manuscript was reviewed by: H. W. Boucher, Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; B. M. Lomaestro, Albany Medical Center Hospital, Albany, NY, USA; M. Zeitlinger, Medical University of Vienna, Clinical Pharmacology, Vienna, Austria.

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Scott, L.J. Dalbavancin: A Review in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections. Drugs 75, 1281–1291 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-015-0430-x

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