Abstract
The United Nations Convention of Children’s Rights (UNCRC) introduced in 1989 has generated a global movement for the protection of children’s rights and has brought about a paradigm change in how children are perceived. Pediatric healthcare professionals are interacting with children and therefore with children’s rights on a daily basis. However, although at least 18 of the 54 articles are relevant for pediatric practice, there is limited systematic training on how pediatricians can support children’s rights in the clinical setting. This article discusses the principles and aims of the UNCRC and proposes a comprehensive checklist of rights vis-à-vis issues that arise in clinical practice.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
The UNCRC defines a child as any person younger than age 18 years, unless an earlier age of majority is recognized by a country’s law.
References
Alderson P (2007) Competent children? Minors’ consent to health care. Soc Sci Med 65:2272–2283
Alderson P, Save the Children Fund (Great Britain) (2008) Young children’s rights exploring beliefs, principles, and practice, 2nd edn. Kingsley, London
Archard D, Skivenes M (2009) Hearing the child. Child Fam Soc Work 14:391–399
Ariès P (1970) Centuries of childhood: a social history of family life, 3rd edn. Knopf, New York
Child Rights Information Network Convention on the Rights of the Child. http://www.crin.org/docs/resources/treaties/uncrc.asp. Accessed 14 April 2010
Coad J, Shaw K (2008) Is children’s choice in health care rhetoric or reality? A scoping review. J Adv Nurs 64:318–327
Committee on the Rights of Children (1989) Convention on the rights of the child. United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. http://www.unicef.org/crc/ (accessed 14 February 2010)
Committee on the Rights of the Child (2009) General comment no. 12: the right of the child to be heard. http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/crc/comments.htm (accessed 15 February 2010)
Committee on Pediatric Workforce (2007) Nondiscrimination in pediatric health care. Pediatrics 120:922–923
Council of Europe (1997) Convention for the protection of human rights and dignity of the human being with regard to application of biology and medicine: convention on human rights and biomedicine. http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/EN/Treaties/html/164.htm (accessed 16 February 2010)
Council on Community Pediatrics, Committee on Native American Child Health (2010) Health equity and children’s rights. Pediatrics 125:838–849
Diekema DS, Fost N (2010) Ashley revisited: a response to the critics. Am J Bioeth 10:30–44
Doek JE (2009) The CRC 20 years: an overview of some of the major achievements and remaining challenges. Child Abuse Negl 33:771–782
Feminist response in disability activism F.R.I.D.A on Ashley treatment. http://fridanow.blogspot.com/search?q=Ashley (accessed 14 April 2010)
Freeman MDA (2007) Article 3: the best interests of the child. Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden
Hammarberg T (1990) The UN convention on the rights of the child—and how to make it work. Hum Rts Q 12:97–105
Handley G (2005) Children’s rights to participation.In: Waller T (ed) An introduction to early childhood: a multidisciplinary approach. SAGE, London, pp 82–111
Hart SN (1991) From property to person status—historical-perspective on children’s rights. Am Psychol 46:53–59
International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services (2010) The final report on the implementation process of the self-evaluation model and tool on the respect of children’s rights in hospital. http://www.who-cc.dk/news-1/the-final-report-on-the-implementation-process-of-the-self-evaluation-model-and-tool-on-the-respect-of-children2019s-rights-in-hospital-now-online (accessed 17 April 2010)
Lansdown G (2000) Implementing children’s rights and health. Arch Dis Child 83:286–288
Lansdown G, Karkara R (2006) Children’s right to express views and have them taken seriously. Lancet 367:690–692
Levy M, Larcher V, Kurz R (2003) Informed consent/assent in children. Statement of the Ethics Working Group of the Confederation of European Specialists in Paediatrics (CESP). Eur J Pediatr 162:629–633
Liao SM, Savulescu J, Sheehan M (2007) The Ashley Treatment: best interests, convenience, and parental decision-making. Hastings Cent Rep 37:16–20
Lowden J (2002) Children’s rights: a decade of dispute. J Adv Nurs 37:100–107
Lundqvist A, Nilstun T (2007) Human dignity in paediatrics: the effects of health care. Nurs Ethics 14:215–228
Macklin R (2003) Dignity is a useless concept. BMJ 327:1419
Macledo CM (2007) Raising children: who is responsible for what? In: Bennan S, Noggle R (eds) Taking responsibility for children. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Waterloo, pp 1–19
Meyer EC, Sellers DE, Browning DM, McGuffie K, Solomon MZ, Truog RD (2009) Difficult conversations: improving communication skills and relational abilities in health care. Pediatr Crit Care Med 10:352–359
Michel MR (2009) Rechte von Kindern in Medizinischen Heilbehandlungen. Helbing Lichtenhahn Basel
Raman S, Woolfenden S, Williams K, Zwi K (2007) Human rights and child health. J Paediatr Child Health 43:581–586
Ranmal R, Prictor M, Scott J (2008) Interventions for improving communication with children and adolescents about their cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev:CD002969
Roose R, Bie MB-D (2007) Do children have rights or do their rights have to be realised? The United Nations convention on the rights of the child as a frame of reference for pedagogical action. J Phil Educ 41:431–443
Schor EL et al (2003) Family pediatrics: report of the task force on the family. Pediatrics 111:1541–1571
Swiss Federal Court (2008) BGE 134 II 235; Bundesgerichtsentscheid Einwilligung und Vetorecht des Kindes (french and german). http://www.bger.ch (accessed 15 Feb 2010)
The “Ashley Treatment” weblog. http://ashleytreatment.spaces.live.com/ (accessed 8 January 2010)
Todres J, Wojcik ME, Revaz CR (2006) The U.N. convention on the rights of the child: an analysis of treaty provisions and implications of U.S. ratification. Transnational, New York
UNESCO (1997) Universal declaration on the human genome and human rights. General Conference of UNESCO. http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=1881&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (accessed 13 February 2010)
UNICEF (1999) Human rights for children and women: hHow UNICEF helps make them a reality. UNICEF. http://www.unicef.org/publications/index_5587.html (accessed 13 February 2010)
Verhellen E, Hausamman C, Jenni Gerber R (2001) Partizipationsrechte der Kinder und Jugendlichen. Die Rechte des Kindes : das UNO-Uebereinkommen und seine Auswirkungen auf die Schweiz. Helbing & Lichtenhahn
Waterston T (2005) A general paediatrician’s practice in children’s rights. Arch Dis Child 90:178–181
Waterston T, Tonniges T (2001) Advocating for children’s health: a US and UK perspective. Arch Dis Child 85:180–182
Conflicts of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Streuli, J.C., Michel, M. & Vayena, E. Children’s rights in pediatrics. Eur J Pediatr 170, 9–14 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1205-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1205-8