Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Preoperative elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis in gynecologic malignancies

  • Review
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Platelets have multiple functions and they also play an important role in malignancies. Elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis at the time of diagnosis in patients with many solid tumors correlates with prognosis and is associated with poor survival. The aim of the following report is to review the literature concerning elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis in gynecologic malignancies.

Method

A PubMed search of all English literature peer-reviewed publications was performed containing the terms elevated platelet count or thrombocytosis and vulvar cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer. All studies published until December 31, 2015, were included in the following review.

Results

A pretreatment elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis have been shown to be associated with a poor prognosis in many studies of gynecologic malignancies with the exception of vulvar carcinoma.

Conclusion

Since elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis may be prevented by blocking thrombopoietic cytokines, their assessment may, in the future, be of therapeutic significance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Buergy D, Wenz F, Groden C, Brockmann MA (2009) Tumor-platelet interaction in solid tumors. Int J Cancer 130:2747–2760

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lin RJ, Afshar-Kharghan V, Schafer AI (2014) Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis: the secrets of tumor self-promotion. Blood 124:184–187

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Lavie O, Comerci G, Daras V, Bolger BS, Lopes A, Monaghan JM (1999) Thrombocytosis in women with vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 72:82–86

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hefler L, Mayerhofer K, Leibman B, Obermair A, Reinthaller A, Kainz C et al (2000) Tumor anemia and thrombocytosis in patients with vulvar cancer. Tumour Biol 21:309–314

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rodriguez GC, Clarke-Pearson DL, Soper JT, Berchuck A, Synan I, Dodge RK (1994) The negative prognostic implications of thrombocytosis in women with stage IB cervical cancer. Obstet Gynecol 83:445–448

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Hernandez E, Lavine M, Dunton CJ, Gracely E, Parker J (1992) Poor prognosis associated with thrombocytosis in patients with cervical cancer. Cancer 69:2975–2977

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Hernandez E, Heller PB, Whitney C, Diana K, Delgado G (1994) Thrombocytosis in surgically treated stage IB squamous cell cervical carcinoma (a gynecologic oncology group study). Gynecol Oncol 55:328–332

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hernandez E, Donohue KA, Anderson LL, Heller PB, Stehman FB (2000) The significance of thrombocytosis in patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma: a gynecologic oncology group study. Gynecol Oncol 78:137–142

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. De Jonge ET, Viljoen E, Lindeque BG, Amant F, Nesland JM, Holm R (1999) The prognostic significance of p53, mdm2, c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, and thrombocytosis in stage IB cervical cancer treated by primary radical hysterectomy. Int J Gynecol Cancer 9:198–205

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Lopes A, Daras V, Cross PA, Robertson G, Beynon G, Monaghan JM (1994) Thrombocytosis as a prognostic factor in women with cervical cancer. Cancer 74:90–92

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhao K, Deng H, Qin Y, Liao W, Liang W (2015) Prognostic significance of pretreatment plasma fibrinogen and platelet levels in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Gynecol Obstet Invest 79:25–33

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Menczer J, Geva D, Schejter E, Zakut H (1996) Elevated platelet count in patients with endometrial carcinoma: correlation with selected prognostic factors and with survival. Int J Gynecol Cancer 6:463–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gücer F, Moser F, Tamussino K, Reich O, Haas J, Arikan G et al (1998) Thrombocytosis as a prognostic factor in endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 70:210–214

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ayhan A, Bozdag G, Taskiran C, Gultekin M, Yuce K, Kucukali T (2006) The value of preoperative platelet count in the prediction of cervical involvement and poor prognostic variables in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 103:902–905

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Gorelick C, Andikyan V, Mack M, Lee YC, Abulafia O (2009) Prognostic significance of preoperative thrombocytosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma in an inner-city population. Int J Gynecol Cancer 19:1384–1389

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Heng S, Benjapibal M (2014) Preoperative thrombocytosis and poor prognostic factors in endometrial cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 15:10231–10236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Tamussino KF, Gucer F, Reich O, Moser F, Petru E, Scholz HS (2001) Pretreatment hemoglobin, platelet count and prognosis in endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1(11):236–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lerner DL, Walsh CS, Cass I, Karlan BY, Li AJ (2007) The prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in uterine papillary serous carcinomas. Gynecol Oncol 104:91–94

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Scholz HS, Petru E, Gucer F, Haas J, Tamussino K et al (2000) Preoperative thrombocytosis is an independent prognostic factor in stage III and IV endometrial cancer. Anticancer Res 20:3983–3985

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Metindir J, Dilek GB (2009) Preoperatiove hemoglobin and platelet count and poor prognostic factors in patients with endometrial carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 135:125–129

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kaloglu S, Guraslan H, Tekirdag AI, Dagdeviren H, Kaya C (2014) Relation of preoperative thrombocytosis between tumor stage and grade in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Eurasian J Med 46:164–168

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Gastl G, Plante M, Finstad CL, Wong GY, Federici MG, Bander NH et al (1993) High IL-6 levels in ascitic fluid correlate with reactive thrombocytosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Br J Haematol 83:433–441

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Menczer J, Schejter E, Geva D, Ginath S, Zakut H (1998) Ovarian carcinoma associated thrombocytosis. Correlation with prognostic factors and with survival. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 19:82–84

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Li AJ, Madden AC, Cass I, Leuchter RS, Lagasse LD, Karlan BY (2004) The prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 92:211–214

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Stone RL, Nick AM, McNeish IA, Balkwill F, Han HD, Bottsford-Miller J et al (2012) Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in ovarian cancer. N Engl J Med 366:610–618

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Gerestein CG, Eijkemans MJ, de Jong D, van der Burg ME, Dykgraaf RH, Kooi GS et al (2009) The prediction of progression-free and overall survival in women with an advanced stage of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. BJOG 116:372–380

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kuyumcuoglu U, Guzel AI, Celik Y, Erdemoğlu M (2010) The association of preoperative thrombocytosis with prognostic factors in malignant ovarian tumor. Eur J Gynecol Oncol 31:514–516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Gastl G, Plante M (2001) Bioactive interleukin-6 levels in serum and ascites as a. Methods Mol Med 39:121–123

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Bakkum-Gamez JN, Langstraat CL, Martin JR, Lemens MA, Weaver AL, Allensworth S et al (2012) Incidence of and risk factors for postoperative ileus in women undergoing primary staging and debulking for epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 125:614–620

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Cohen JG, Tran AQ, Rimel BJ, Cass I, Walsh CS, Karlan BY et al (2014) Thrombocytosis at secondary cytoreduction for recurrent ovarian cancer predicts suboptimal resection and poor survival. Gynecol Oncol 132:556–559

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Zeimet AG, Marth C, Müller-Holzner E, Daxenbichler G, Dapunt O (1994) Significance of thrombocytosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 170:549–554

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Chalas E, Welshinger M, Engellener W, Chumas J, Barbieri R, Mann WJ (1992) The clinical significance of thrombocytosis in women presenting with a pelvic mass. Am J Obstet Gynecol 166:974–977

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Guo Y, Nemeth J, O’Brien C, Susa M, Liu X, Zhang Z et al (2010) Effects of siltuximab on the IL-6-induced signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 6:5759–5769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Egan K, Crowley D, Smyth P, O’Toole S, Spillane C, Martin C et al (2011) Platelet adhesion and degranulation induce pro-survival and pro-angiogenic signalling in ovarian cancer cells. PLoS ONE 6:e26125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Coward J, Kulbe H, Chakravarty P, Leader D, Vassileva V, Leinste DA et al (2011) Interleukin-6 as a therapeutic target in human ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res 17:6083–6096

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Andersen CL, Eskelund CW, Siersma VD, Felding P, Lind B, Palmblad J et al (2015) Is thrombocytosis a valid indicator of advanced stage and high mortality of gynecological cancer? Gynecol Oncol 139:312–318

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel

    Joseph Menczer

  2. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Joseph Menczer

Authors
  1. Joseph Menczer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph Menczer.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

I (the only author) declare that I received no grants and that I have no conflicts of interests.

My paper needs no ethical approval since it is a review of previously published articles.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Menczer, J. Preoperative elevated platelet count and thrombocytosis in gynecologic malignancies. Arch Gynecol Obstet 295, 9–15 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-016-4212-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-016-4212-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation