Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

„The aging lens“ – neue Konzepte zum Alterungsprozess der Linse

The aging lens – new concepts for lens aging

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Ophthalmologe Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Epidemiologische Veränderungen führen in den nächsten Jahrzehnten neben einem bedeutenden Anstieg der Weltbevölkerungszahl auch zu einem nicht unerheblichen Anstieg der Lebenserwartung. Als Ergebnis beider Faktoren ist mit einer starken Zunahme an altersabhängigen Linsentrübungen und Katarakt zu rechnen. Unter Einbeziehung der prognostizierten sozioökonomischen Bedeutung dieser Entwicklung kommt der intensiven Grundlagenforschung zur Klärung der Entstehungsmechanismen der Katarakt eine steigende Bedeutung zu. Neben der Vielzahl bekannter Risikofaktoren rücken insbesondere oxidative Schädigungsprozesse zunehmend in das Zentrum der Betrachtungen. Durch das komplexe Zusammenspiel aus dem Versagen der leistungsfähigen antioxidativen Schutzsysteme der Linse mit einem gleichzeitigen Anstieg metabolischer Endprodukte und deren Einfluss auf die physikochemischen Eigenschaften kommt es zu den typischen Alterungsveränderungen der Linse. „Advanced glycation end-products“ und deren mögliche Inhibition scheinen dabei eine wesentliche Rolle zu spielen.

Abstract

Epidemiological changes within the next decades will lead to an increase in the world population and to life expectancy. These changes will in turn lead to an increase in age correlated lens opacities and cataracts. Intensive research on cataract formation therefore becomes more and more important for socioeconomic reasons. In addition to the known risk factors, increased attention is currently being paid to oxidative processes. Typically, changes in the old lens are caused by the failure of protective systems and an accumulation of metabolic end-products and their influence on light transmission. Advanced glycation end-products and their potential inhibition seem to play a key role.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3

Literatur

  1. Ahmed N, Thornalley PJ, Dawczynski J et al. (2003) Methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone advanced glycation end-products of human lens proteins. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44: 5287–5292

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Altomare E, Grattagliano I, Vendemaile G et al. (1997) Oxidative protein damage in human diabetic eye: evidence of a retinal participation. Eur J Clin Invest 27: 141–147

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Bär KJ, Franke S, Wenda B et al. (2002) Pentosidine and Carboxymethyllysine in Alzheimer‘s disease and vascular dementia. Neurobiology Aging 24: 333–338

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bron AJ, Vrensen GF, Koretz J et al. (2000) The ageing lens. Ophthlmologica 214: 86–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Busch M, Franke S, Müller A et al. (2004) Potential cardiovascular risk factors in chronic kidney disease: AGEs, total homocysteine and metabolites and the C-reactive protein. Kidney Int 66: 338–347

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Carnahan MC, Goldstein DA (2000) Ocular complications of topical, peri-ocular and systemic corticosteroids. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 11: 478–483

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Cerami C, Founds H, Nicholl I (1997) Tobacco smoke is a source of toxic reactive glycation products. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 13915–13920

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Dahm R, Bramke S, Dawczynski J et al. (2003) Developmental aspects of galectin-3 expression in the lens. Histochem Cell Biol 119: 219–226

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Delcourt C, CArriere I, Ponton-Sanchez A (2000) Light exposure and the risk of cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataract: The POLA study. Arch Ophthalmol 118: 385–392

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Derham BK, Harding JJ (1997) The effect of ageing on the chaperone-like function of rabbit α-cristallin, comparing three methods of assays. Biochim Biophys Acta 136: 187–194

    Google Scholar 

  11. Drinda S, Franke S, Canet CC et al. (2002) Identification of Nε-carboxymethyllysine in the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 61: 488–492

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Drinda S, Franke S, Rüster M et al. (2004) Identification of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 25: 411–413

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Founds H, Giordano D, Stitt AW (1996) Tobacco smoke is a source of toxic reactive glycation products. J Investig Med 44: A200

    Google Scholar 

  14. Franke S, Müller A, Sommer M et al. (2003) Serum levels of total homocysteine metabolites and of advanced glycation end-products in patients after renal transplantation. Clin Nephrol 59: 88–97

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Franke S, Stein F, Dawczynski J et al. (2003) Advanced glycation end-products in anterior chamber aqueous of cataractous patients. J Cataract Refract Surg 29: 329–335

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Franke S, Dawczynski J, Strobel J et al. (2003) Increased levels of advanced glycation end-products in human cataractous lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg 29: 998–1004

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Giblin FJ (2000) Glutathione: A vital lens antioxidant. J Oc Pharm Ther 16: 121–135

    Google Scholar 

  18. Harding JJ (2001) Can drugs or micronutrients prevent cataract? Drugs Aging 18: 473–486

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hein G, Wiegand R, Lehmann G et al. (2003) Advanced glycation end-products pentosidine and carboxymethyllysine are elevated in serum of patients with osteoporosis. Rheumatology 42: 1242–1246

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Hockwin O, Kojima M, Muller-Breitenkamp U et al. (2002) Lens and cataract research of the 20th century: a review of results, errors and misunderstandings. Dev Ophthalmol 35: 1–11

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hiller R, Sperduto RD, Ederer F (1986) Epidemiologic associations with nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts. Am J Epidemiol 124: 916–925

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Huang QL, Lou MF, Straatsma BR et al. (1993) Distribution and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in normal human lenses and in cataractous human epithelia. Curr Eye Res 12: 433–437

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Juronen E, Tasa G, Veromann S et al. (2000) Polymorphic glutathione-S-transferases as genetic risk factors for senile cortical cataract in Estonians. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41: 2262–2267

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Klein BEK, Klein R, Lee KE (2000) Reproductive exposuree, incident age-related cataract and age-related maculopathy in women: The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Am J Ophthalmol 130: 322–326

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kochinsky T, He CY, Mitshuhashi X (1997) Orally absorbed reactive glycation products: an environmental risk factor in diabetic nephropathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 6474–6479

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Krysan K, Lou MF (2002) Regulation of human thioltransferase gene by AP-1 transcription factor under oxidative stress. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43: 1876–1883

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kyselova Z, Stefek M, Bauer V (2004) Pharmacological prevention of diabetic cataract. J Diab Compl 18: 129–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ledl F, Schleicher E (1990) Die Maillard-Reaktion in Lebensmitteln und im menschlichen Körper – neue Ergebnisse zu Chemie, Biochemie und Medizin. Angew Chem 102: 597–626

    Google Scholar 

  29. Leske MC, Wu SY, Nemsure B et al. (2002) Risk factors for incident nuclear opacities. Ophthalmology 109: 1303–1308

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lou MF (2003) Redox regulation in the lens. Prog Ret Eye Res 22: 658–681

    Google Scholar 

  31. Maillard LC (1912) Actions des acides amines sur les sucres: Formation des malanoidines par voie methodique. CR Acad Sci 154: 66–68

    Google Scholar 

  32. Minassian DC, Mehra V, Reidy A (2002) Childbearing and risk of cataract in young women: an epidemiological study in central India. Br J Ophthamol 86: 548–550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Misselwitz J, Franke S, Kauf E et al. (2002) Advanced glycation end products in children with chronic renal failure and type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Nephrol 17: 316–321

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Monnier VM, Cerami A (1981) Nonenzymatic browning in vivo: possible process for aging of long-lived proteins. Science 211: 491–493

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Mukesh BN, Le A, Dimitrov PN et al. (2006) Development of Cataract and associated risk factors. Arch Ophthalmol 124: 79–85

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Münch G, Thome J, Foley P et al. (1997) Advanced glycation end-products in ageing and Alzheimer‘s disease. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 23: 134–143

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. 37 ative stress defense system. Exp Eye Res 79: 875–886

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Pricci F, Leto G, Amadio L et al. (2000) Role of galectin-3 as receptor for advanced glycosylation end products. Kid Int 58: S-31–S-39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Rahbar S, Blumenfeld O, Ranney HM (1969) Studies of an unusual haemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 36: 838–843

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Sakabe I, Oshika T, Lim SJ et al. (1998) Anterior shift of zonular insertion onto the anterior surface of human crystalline lens with age. Ophthalmology 105: 295–299

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Sakurai S, Yonekura H, Yamamoto Y et al. (2003) The AGE-RAGE system and diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 14 (Suppl 3): S259–263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Schaumberg DA, Glynn RJ, Christen WG (2001) A prospective study of blood pressure and risk of cataract in men. Ann Epidemiol 11: 104–110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Sell DR, Monnier VM (1990) End-stage renal disease and diabetes catalyze the formation of a pentose derived crosslink from aging human collagen. J Clin Invest 85: 380–384

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Stitt AW, Curtis TM (2005) Advanced glycation and retinal pathology during diabetes. Pharm Rep 57: 156–168

    Google Scholar 

  45. Vlassara H, Palace MR (2002) Diabetes and advanced glycation endproducts. J Intern Med 251: 87–101

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Vlassara H, Palace MR (2003) Glycooxidation: The menace of diabetes and aging. Mount Sinai J Med 70: 232–241

    Google Scholar 

  47. West SK (2000) Looking forward to 20/20: a focus on the epidemiology of eye diseases. Epidemiol Rev 22: 64–70

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Es besteht kein Interessenkonflikt. Der korrespondierende Autor versichert, dass keine Verbindungen mit einer Firma, deren Produkt in dem Artikel genannt ist, oder einer Firma, die ein Konkurrenzprodukt vertreibt, bestehen. Die Präsentation des Themas ist unabhängig und die Darstellung der Inhalte produktneutral.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Bachstraße 18, 07743 , Jena

    J. Dawczynski & J. Strobel

Authors
  1. J. Dawczynski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. Strobel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Dawczynski.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dawczynski, J., Strobel, J. „The aging lens“ – neue Konzepte zum Alterungsprozess der Linse. Ophthalmologe 103, 759–764 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-006-1410-z

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-006-1410-z

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Search

Navigation