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„Lab on a Chip“

Lab on a Chip

  • Schwerpunkt: Digitale Medizin
  • Published:
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Durch die Miniaturisierung haben sich nicht nur in der Mikroelektronik neue Potenziale ergeben, auch in der Sensorik und Analytik ist durch die Mikrotechnik eine Revolution in Bewegung gekommen.

Entwicklungen

Die „Lab-on-a-chip“(LOC)-Technologie erlaubt, Laborprozesse vollständig und automatisiert in Kanälen, deren Größe im Mikrometerbereich liegen, durchzuführen. Die größte Herausforderung besteht darin, die Fertigungskosten trotz der Miniaturisierung und der anwendungsspezifischen Auslegung niedrig zu halten. Wird dies erreicht, kann man die medizinische Laboranalytik meist schneller und mit weniger Personalaufwand durchführen. So ist zu erklären, dass LOC bereits in viele Laborgeräte integriert wurde und aus dem „point-of-care testing“ (POCT) nicht mehr wegzudenken ist. Durch neue Marker, wie bei der Flüssigbiopsie, und Messtechniken, wie die Raman-Spektroskopie und Massenspektrometrie, entstehen weitere Potenziale, die es erlauben werden, schnellere und spezifischere laboranalytische Aussagen auf Basis der LOC-Technologie zu machen.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die LOC-Technologie hat das Potenzial, die medizinische Praxis zu verändern, insbesondere in Fällen, in denen das zentrale Labor nicht verfügbar ist oder nicht schnell genug Ergebnisse liefern kann.

Abstract

Background

Miniaturization has not only driven microelectronics and generated new unforeseen options but has also dramatically changed sensors and analytics.

Developments

The Lab on a Chip (LOC) technology enables laboratory processes to run fully automated in canals in the micrometre range. The biggest challenge for LOC is to keep production costs low despite miniaturization and application-specific design. If this is achieved medical laboratory analyses can usually be carried out faster and with less hands on time. This explains why LOCs are already integrated into many laboratory instruments and why point-of-care testing (POCT) can no longer be imagined without it. New markers, such as in liquid biopsies and measurement techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy, create further potentials that will enable faster and more specific laboratory analyses to be made using LOC technology.

Conclusion

The LOC technology has the potential of changing the medical practice especially in cases when the central laboratory is not available or is unable to provide results fast enough.

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Danksagung

Der Autor bedankt sich beim European Fund of Regional Development (EFRE) für die Förderung im Rahmen des Projekts „InnoTerm“ und bei der Technologie Allianz Oberfranken.

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  1. ISAT – Institut für Sensor- und Aktortechnik, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Coburg, Am Hofbräuhaus 1b, 96450, Coburg, Deutschland

    Klaus S. Drese

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Correspondence to Klaus S. Drese.

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K.S. Drese gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine vom Autor durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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G. Hasenfuß, Göttingen

C.F. Vogelmeier, Marburg

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Drese, K.S. „Lab on a Chip“. Internist 60, 339–344 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-018-0526-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-018-0526-y

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