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Therapie des Ulcus cruris venosum

Neues und Bewährtes

Therapy of venous leg ulcers

New and established approaches

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Zusammenfassung

Das Ulcus cruris venosum ist die schwerste Komplikation der chronischen Veneninsuffizienz. Aus pathophysiologischen Überlegungen heraus und aufgrund entsprechender Evidenz sollte die Therapie des Ulcus cruris venosum primär eine Behandlung der chronischen Veneninsuffizienz sein. Entsprechend den Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phlebologie zur Therapie des Ulcus cruris venosum stehen unterschiedliche Verfahren wie die Kompressionstherapie, die operative oder interventionelle Therapie der Varikosis, das Stenting stenotischer Beckenvenen beim postthrombotischen Syndrom, aber auch direkt operative Verfahren im Bereich der chronischen Wunde wie die Ulkusexzision, das Ulkusdébridement oder die Fasziotomie zur Verfügung. Bei dem Vorliegen eines arthrogenen Stauungssyndroms kann eine physikalische Therapie als kausale Therapie wirksam werden. Zusätzlich sind die Lokaltherapie, die medikamentöse Therapie und die Schmerztherapie von Relevanz. Eine gute Evidenzlage gibt es aktuell lediglich für die Anwendung einer suffizienten Kompressionstherapie sowie für varizenausschaltende Maßnahmen mittels Varizenchirurgie oder Sklerosierungstherapie.

Abstract

Venous leg ulcers are the most severe complication of chronic venous insufficiency. Based on the pathogenesis and the clinical evidence, the first step in treating a venous leg ulcer should be the treatment of the venous insufficiency. According to the guidelines of the German Society of Phlebology, several methods are available: the surgical or interventional therapy of varicosities, the stenting of stenotic pelvic veins in a post-thrombotic syndrome, direct surgical intervention at the ulcer as excision, debridement or fasciotomy. In the case of an arthrogenic venous stasis syndrome, physical therapy can be helpful. Additionally wound dressings, medicinal therapy and reduction of pain are relevant.There is a good level of evidence only for sufficient compression therapy and elimination of varicosities by surgery or sclerotherapy.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Die Autoren sind auf Fortbildungsveranstaltungen bzw. wissenschaftlichen Tagungen als Referenten für verschiedene Firmen im Bereich der Phlebologie/Wundversorgung tätig gewesen.

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Stücker, M., Altmeyer, P. & Reich-Schupke, S. Therapie des Ulcus cruris venosum. Hautarzt 62, 504–508 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-010-2114-5

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