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Potential of miRNAs to predict and treat inflammation from the perspective of Familial Mediterranean Fever

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Abstract

Aim

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in physiological networks by regulating host genome expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are known to be key regulators of various biological processes in different types of immune cells, and they are known to regulate immunological functions. Differential expression of miRNAs has been documented in several diseases, including autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review aimed to focus on miRNAs and their association with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.

Methods

All related literature was screened from PubMed, and we discussed the possible role of miRNAs in disease prediction and usage as therapeutic agents from the perspective of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).

Conclusions

FMF is an inherited autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the MEditerranean FeVer (MEFV) gene, which encodes the protein pyrin. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs may be effective in the pathogenesis of FMF and offer a potential explanation for phenotypic heterogeneity. Further understanding of the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of these diseases may help to identify molecular diagnostic markers, which may be important for the differential diagnosis of autoinflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that in the near future, traditional therapies in autoinflammatory diseases may be replaced with novel effective, miRNA-based therapies, such as the delivery of miRNA mimics or antagonists. These approaches may be important for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Technical and Scientific Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK], Grant number: 214S106 and Hacettepe University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, Grant number: 013D05101005.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Banu Balci-Peynircioglu, Yeliz Z. Akkaya-Ulum, Tayfun Hilmi Akbaba & Zeynep Tavukcuoglu

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  1. Banu Balci-Peynircioglu
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  2. Yeliz Z. Akkaya-Ulum
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  3. Tayfun Hilmi Akbaba
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  4. Zeynep Tavukcuoglu
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Correspondence to Banu Balci-Peynircioglu.

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Balci-Peynircioglu, B., Akkaya-Ulum, Y.Z., Akbaba, T.H. et al. Potential of miRNAs to predict and treat inflammation from the perspective of Familial Mediterranean Fever. Inflamm. Res. 68, 905–913 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-019-01272-6

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