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Originalarbeit

Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Körperdysmorpher Störung und Olfaktorischer Referenzstörung

Published Online:August 08, 2018https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000475

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theorie: Die Körperdysmorphe Störung (KDS) und die Olfaktorische Referenzstörung (ORS) überschneiden sich nach klinischen Beobachtungen in verschiedenen Bereichen, ohne dass es bisher Untersuchungen hierzu gibt. Fragestellung: Unterscheiden sich Personen mit KDS oder ORS und eine psychisch gesunde Vergleichsgruppe in Hinblick auf soziale Ängste, wahnhafte Symptome, körperbezogene Emotionen und interpersonelle Probleme? Methode: Wir führten Interview- und Fragebogenerhebungen an n = 21 ORS-Betroffenen, n = 21 KDS-Betroffen und n = 21 gesunden Vergleichspersonen durch. Ergebnisse: Es existieren Gruppenunterschiede hinsichtlich sozialphobischer und wahnhafter Symptome, körperbezogener Emotionen und interpersoneller Probleme, wobei die KDS-Gruppe die höchsten Skalenmittelwerte erzielte. ORS-Betroffene berichteten häufiger von positiven körperbezogenen Emotionen als KDS-Betroffene. Schlussfolgerungen: Soziale Interaktionsangst und ein selbstunsicheres / unterwürfiges Interaktionsverhalten könnten für eine gemeinsame Grundlage beider Störungen sprechen. Die Unterschiede körperbezogener Emotionen könnten ein Unterscheidungsmerkmal sein.


Differences and Similarities Between Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Olfactory Reference Disorder

Abstract.Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and olfactory reference disorder (ORD) share some similarities; however, a direct comparison is still missing. Aim: Do individuals with BDD, individuals with ORD, and healthy controls differ regarding social anxiety, delusional symptoms, body-related emotions, and interpersonal problems? Method: These questions were addressed in a study comprising 21 individuals with ORD, 21 individuals with BDD, and 21 healthy controls who were interviewed and completed questionnaires. Results: Group differences were found regarding psychological symptoms, body-related emotions, and interpersonal problems, with BDD subjects being the most heavily burdened group. The ORD group reported more frequently positive body-related emotions than the BDD group did. Conclusion: Social anxiety and nonassertive interactions could be considered basic characteristics of both disorders. The differences concerning body-related emotions may be a distinctive feature of the disorders.

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