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Originalarbeit

Psychosoziale Belastungen bei inhaftierten Mädchen und Jungen

Published Online:February 11, 2016https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000349

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Fragestellung: Längsschnittstudien zeigten, dass kriminelles Verhalten von Jugendlichen häufig mit einem Umfeld bezogener und familiärer Belastung einhergeht, insbesondere bei Mädchen. In dieser Studie haben wir den psychosozialen Hintergrund von jugendlichen Inhaftierten erhoben und geschlechtsspezifisch ausgewertet. Methodik: Das Multidimensional Clinical Screening Inventory for delinquent juveniles (MCSI) wurde angewandt, um Schulanamnese, psychiatrische Anamnese, den familiären Hintergrund sowie belastende Erlebnisse und das Deliktmotiv zu erheben. Die endgültige Stichprobe umfasste 294 Jugendliche (46 Mädchen und 248 Jungen). Ergebnisse: Innerfamiliärer Missbrauch/Verlust wurde von 91 % (Mädchen) und 79 % (Jungen) angegeben. 76 % (Mädchen) und 88 % (Jungen) gaben ein Schulproblem an. 57 % (Mädchen) und 29 % (Jungen) gaben psychische Vorbehandlung an. Signifikant höhere Prävalenzraten fanden sich bei Mädchen bezüglich der elterlichen Trennung, Inhaftierungen der Mutter, bei Missbrauch/Verlust und psychischer Vorbehandlung. Signifikant mehr Mädchen als Jungen gaben zugleich schulische Probleme und Verlust- sowie Missbrauchserlebnisse an (65.2 % vs. 46.4 %, χ² = 5.51, df = 1, p < .05). Schlussfolgerung: Inhaftierte Jugendliche, insbesondere Mädchen, waren und sind multiplen psychosozialen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Es besteht daher die Notwendigkeit, Präventionsarbeit in psychosozial belasteten Familien zu leisten. Auch in der Behandlung in und nach der Haft muss das Umfeld im Rahmen sozialpsychiatrisch-familienzentrierter als auch forensischer Intervention berücksichtigt werden.


Psychosocial disadvantages in incarcerated girls and boys

Abstract.Objective: Longitudinal studies found that criminal behavior in juveniles often concurs with neighborhood disadvantage and family dysfunction, especially in girls. In this study we assessed the psychosocial background in incarcerated juveniles and analyzed the data for each gender separately. Method: The Multidimensional Clinical Screening Inventory for delinquent juveniles (MCSI) was used to assess school history, psychiatric history, family background, abuse and neglect and motive for crime. The sample consisted of 294 juveniles (46 females and 248 males). Results: Innerfamilial abuse/neglect was reported by 91 % (girls) and 79 % (boys). 76 % (girls) and 88 % (boys) reported school-problems. 57 % (girls) and 29 % (boys) reported to have recieved psychiatric pretreatment. In girls we found significantly higher prevalence rates for parental divorce, incarceration of mother, abuse/neglect and psychiatric pretreatment. Significantly more girls reported a co-occurrence of school-problems and experiences of separation and loss and abuse (65.2 % vs. 46.4 %, χ² = 5.51, df = 1, p < .05). Conclusion: Incarcerated juveniles, especially females, are and have been exposed to multiple psychosocial burdens. Therefore it is necessary to implement prevention programs for psychosocially stressed families. Forensic intervention in and after detention has to include a family centered approach.

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