Zusammenfassung
Werde ich fair bezahlt? Wird meine Kollegin von ihrem Chef ausgenutzt? Ist unsere Unternehmensstrategie nachhaltig? Organisationale Gerechtigkeit ist im Unternehmen allgegenwärtig und Mitarbeitende achten empfindlich darauf, wie fair oder unfair es in ihrem Betrieb zugeht (Colquitt et al. 2001; Greenberg 2011). Dabei bezieht sich diese Empfindlichkeit nicht allein auf die persönliche Betroffenheit (z. B. welche Regeln bei der eigenen Beförderungsentscheidung angewendet wurden), sondern auch auf ungerechte Unternehmenspraktiken gegenüber Dritten innerhalb der Organisation (z. B. gegenüber anderen Kolleginnen oder einer Nachbarabteilung) und außerhalb der Organisation (z. B. gegenüber Kunden oder der Allgemeinbevölkerung, vgl., Colquitt und Zipay 2015; Rupp et al. 2017). Dauerhaft wahrgenommene Ungerechtigkeit am Arbeitsplatz ist mit hohen Kosten für die Beschäftigten und das Unternehmen verbunden. Aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten zeigen Effekte wahrgenommener Ungerechtigkeit auf psychische Gesundheit (z. B. Ndjaboué et al. 2012) und unternehmensschädigendes Verhalten (z. B. Colquitt et al. 2013; Spector und Fox 2010). Die Wahrnehmung von Fairness liegt dabei nicht einfach „im Auge des Betrachtenden“. Menschen reagieren in ähnlicher Weise empfindlich auf Ungerechtigkeit am Arbeitsplatz, weil Ungerechtigkeit soziale und moralische Grundbedürfnisse im Zusammenhang mit Arbeit bedroht (Cropanzano et al. 2001; Rupp et al. 2011). Ziel des vorliegenden Kapitels ist es, arbeitsbezogene Bedingungen für die Wahrnehmung organisationaler Gerechtigkeit zu beschreiben, Indikatoren für Missstände in der organisationalen Gerechtigkeit zu identifizieren und daraus Gestaltungsansätzen zur Förderung der organisationalen Gerechtigkeit abzuleiten.
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Fischbach, A. (2020). Wie unfair ist das denn? Ursachen und Folgen organisationaler Gerechtigkeit. In: Badura, B., Ducki, A., Schröder, H., Klose, J., Meyer, M. (eds) Fehlzeiten-Report 2020. Fehlzeiten-Report, vol 2020. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61524-9_9
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