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Schmerztherapie bei besonderen Patientengruppen

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Kompendium der medikamentösen Schmerztherapie

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Zusammenfassung

In diesem Kapitel wird die Schmerztherapie in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit, bei Kindern sowie bei älteren Menschen beschrieben. Neu ist, dass bei männlichen Neugeborenen nach Paracetamol-Verwendung durch die Mutter häufiger Hodenhochstand auftritt und dass Kinder solcher Mütter häufiger an ADHS leiden. NSAR werden gegen Ende der Schwangerschaft als bedenklich angesehen, während Opioide bei Schwangeren immer angewendet werden können. Eine Schmerztherapie bei Kindern ist insofern schwierig, als die Diagnose große Erfahrung erfordert. Die Arzneimittelgruppen zur Behandlung sind die gleichen wie beim Erwachsenen: Nicht-Opioidanalgetika und Opioide. Es wird auch auf die Möglichkeit der Patienten-kontrollierten Analgesie (PCA) bei Kindern hingewiesen. Beim älteren Patienten muss das Problem der Multimorbidität besonders beachtet werden. Die Pharmakokinetik ist im Alter verändert und Wechselwirkungen wie Blutungen oder Serotoninsyndrom sind häufiger.

Unter Mitarbeit von R. Kunz, J. Sorge und C. Schäfer

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A: Mexalen; CH: Panadol; D: Paracetamol.

  2. 2.

    A, CH, D: Aspirin.

  3. 3.

    A, CH, D: Novalgin.

  4. 4.

    A, CH, Brufen; D: Aktren.

  5. 5.

    A, CH, D: Voltaren.

  6. 6.

    A, CH: Indocid; D: Indomet.

  7. 7.

    A, D: –; CH: Aulin;.

  8. 8.

    A, CH, D: Celebrex.

  9. 9.

    A, D: Dynastat; CH: –.

  10. 10.

    A, CH, D: Tramal.

  11. 11.

    A: Alodan; CH: Pethidin; D: Dolantin.

  12. 12.

    A, CH, D: Imigran.

  13. 13.

    A, CH, D: Naramig.

  14. 14.

    A, CH, D: Maxalt.

  15. 15.

    A: –; CH, D: Almotriptan.

  16. 16.

    A, CH, D: Relpax.

  17. 17.

    A: Eumitan; CH: Menamig; D: –.

  18. 18.

    A, CH, D: Naramig.

  19. 19.

    A, CH: Zomig; D: AscoTop.

  20. 20.

    A: Mexalen, CH: Panadol, Dafalgan, D: Paracetamol.

  21. 21.

    A, CH, D: Novalgin.

  22. 22.

    A, CH, D: Tramal.

  23. 23.

    A: –; CH: Codein; D: Codeinum.

  24. 24.

    A: Codidol; CH: Codicontin; D: DHC.

  25. 25.

    A: Vertirosan, Travelgum; CH: Trawell; D: Vomex.

  26. 26.

    A, CH, D: Zofran.

  27. 27.

    A: Laevolac; CH: Gatinar; D: Lactulose.

  28. 28.

    A, CH, D: Movicol.

  29. 29.

    A: Dipidolor; CH: –; D: Piritramid.

  30. 30.

    A: Hydal; CH, D: Palladon.

  31. 31.

    A: Alodan; CH: Pethidin; D: Dolantin.

  32. 32.

    A, CH, D: Durogesic.

  33. 33.

    A, CH, D: Temgesic.

  34. 34.

    A, CH, D: Transtec.

  35. 35.

    A: Vertirosan; CH: Trawell; D: Vomex.

  36. 36.

    A, CH, D: Haldol.

  37. 37.

    A, CH, D: Zofran.

  38. 38.

    A: Laevolac; CH: Gatinar; D: Lactulose.

  39. 39.

    A, CH, D: Movicol.

  40. 40.

    A, CH, D: Naloxon.

  41. 41.

    A, CH, D: Dormicum.

  42. 42.

    A, CH, D: Anexate.

  43. 43.

    A: Dipidolor, CH: –; D: Piritramid.

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  1. Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich

    Eckhard Beubler

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Beubler, E. (2020). Schmerztherapie bei besonderen Patientengruppen. In: Kompendium der medikamentösen Schmerztherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60346-8_6

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