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Sonografische Diagnostik des Harntrakts und Beckens

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Urodynamik

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Zusammenfassung

Die Sonografie bildet das Fundament der bildgebenden urologischen und urogynäkologischen Diagnostik und hat einen hohen Stellenwert bei der Evaluation von Funktionsstörungen des oberen und unteren Harntrakts sowie bei der differenzialdiagnostischen Abklärung von Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). Sonografiegeräte mit unterschiedlichen perkutanen oder intrakavitären Schallköpfen sollten in allen deutschen urologischen und gynäkologischen Praxen und Kliniken vorhanden sein. Der fortlaufende technische Fortschritt der Sonografiegeräte, die digitale Technik, schnelle Rechnerkapazitäten, eine hochauflösende Bildqualität und die Möglichkeit zur Duplex- und Dopplersonografie zur Beurteilung der Durchblutung ergänzt oder ersetzt in vielen Fällen strahlenbelastende Untersuchungsverfahren wie z. B. konventionelle Röntgenuntersuchungen oder die Computertomografie. Die Sonografie ist aufgrund ihrer einfachen, nicht- oder nur minimalinvasiven Methodik ohne Strahlenbelastung die ideale Vorbereitung und Ergänzung zur Urodynamik. Grundsätzlich sollte jeder Patient mit einer Blasenfunktionsstörung vor der urodynamischen Untersuchung sonografisch untersucht werden. Funktionelle Störungen des unteren Harntrakts können morphologische und funktionelle Veränderungen des oberen Harntrakts nach sich ziehen (z. B. Hydronephrose bei Low-Compliance-Blase). Bei der sonografischen Diagnostik sollte das Augenmerk auf die Lage, Form und Größe der Nieren, Harnblase und Prostata gelegt werden. Eine Übersicht des Retroperitoneums sollte ebenfalls stattfinden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Urologie, Kinderurologie und Urologische Onkologie, St. Antonius-Hospital, Gronau, Deutschland

    Matthias Oelke

  2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    J. Kranz

  3. Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Deutschland

    J. Kranz

  4. Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum, Bonn, Deutschland

    Stephanie C. Knüpfer

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  1. Matthias Oelke
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  3. Stephanie C. Knüpfer
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Correspondence to J. Kranz .

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  1. Kontinenzzentrum Südwest, Schwarzwald Baar-Klinikum, Villingen-Schwenningen, Deutschland

    Daniela Schultz-Lampel

  2. Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Helios Klinikum Niederberg, Velbert, Deutschland

    Mark Goepel

  3. Urologische Abteilung, Marienhospital Erwitte, Erwitte, Deutschland

    Christian Hampel

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Oelke, M., Kranz, J., Knüpfer, S.C. (2022). Sonografische Diagnostik des Harntrakts und Beckens. In: Schultz-Lampel, D., Goepel, M., Hampel, C. (eds) Urodynamik. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59066-9_10

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