Zusammenfassung
Die individuelle Empfindlichkeit für Pharmaka kann sehr stark variieren. Ursachen für die Variabilität liegen in Lebensalter (pharmakokinetische Unterschiede bei Säuglingen und Greisen), Geschlecht, vorbestehenden Grunderkrankungen, Co-Medikation (die zu Arzneimittelinteraktionen führen), Umwelteinflüssen (Ernährung, Darmflora) und genetischen Unterschiede. Polymorphismen beeinflussen sowohl Pharmakokinetik (Unterschiede in Enzymen und Transportern, die an Metabolismus und Exkretion von Pharmaka beteiligt sind) als auch Pharmakodynamik (Unterschiede in den Angriffspunkten von Arzneistoffen und in modifizierenden Genen).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Weiterführende Literatur
Amstutz U, Shear NH, Rieder MJ, Hwang S, Fung V, Nakamura H, Connolly MB, Ito S, Carleton BC; CPNDS clinical recommendation group (2014) Recommendations for HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-A*31:01 genetic testing to reduce the risk of carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity reactions. Epilepsia 55: 496–506
Aymanns C, Keller F, Maus S, Hartmann B, Czock D (2010) Review on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and the aging kidney. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 5:314–327
Beretta M, Gorren AC, Wenzl MV, Weis R, Russwurm M, Koesling D, Schmidt K, Mayer B (2010) Characterization of the East Asian variant of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2: bioactivation of nitroglycerin and effects of Alda-1. J Biol Chem 285:943–952
Clayton TA, Baker D, Lindon JC, Everett JR, Nicholson JK (2009) Pharmacometabonomic identification of a significant host-microbiome metabolic interaction affecting human drug metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:14728–14733
Leineweber K, Heusch G (2009) β1- and β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms and cardiovascular diseases. Br J Pharmacol 158:61–69
Mega JL, Close SL, Wiviott SD, Shen L, Hockett RD, Brandt JT, Walker JR, Antman EM, Macias W, Braunwald E, Sabatine MS (2009) Cytochrome P-450 polymorphisms and response to clopidogrel. New Eng J Med 360:354–362
Paez JG, Jänne PA, Lee JC, Tracy S, Greulich H, Gabriel S, Herman P, Kaye FJ, Lindeman N, Boggon TJ, Naoki K, Sasaki H, Fujii Y, Eck MJ, Sellers WR, Johnson BE, Meyerson M (2004) EGFR mutations in lung cancer: correlation with clinical response to gefitinib therapy. Science 304:1497–1500
SEARCH Collaborative Group, Link E, Parish S, Armitage J, Bowman L, Heath S, Matsuda F, Gut I, Lathrop M, Collins R (2008) SLCO1B1 variants and statin-induced myopathy – a genome-wide study. N Engl J Med 359: 789–799
Schwartz JB (2007) The current state of knowledge on age, sex, and their interactions on clinical pharmacology. Clin Pharmacol Ther 82:87–96
Tangamornsuksan W, Lohitnavy O, Kongkaew C, Chaiyakunapruk N, Reisfeld B, Scholfield NC, Lohitnavy M (2015) Association of HLA-B*5701 genotypes and abacavir-induced hypersensitivity reaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pharm Pharm Sci 18:68–76
Hershfield MS, Callaghan JT, Tassaneeyakul W, Mushiroda T, Thorn CF, Klein TE, Lee MT (2013) Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for human leukocyte antigen-B genotype and allopurinol dosing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 93:153–158
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Freissmuth, M. (2020). Interindividuelle Unterschiede. In: Pharmakologie und Toxikologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58304-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58304-3_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-58303-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-58304-3
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)