Zusammenfassung
Klinische, laborchemische und sonografische Methoden erlauben die frühe und zuverlässige Diagnose und Beurteilung einer Frühschwangerschaft. Die serielle Bestimmung des humanen Choriongonadotropins (hCG) gestattet eine Unterscheidung zwischen intakter und gestörter Implantation. Mit der transvaginalen Sonografie können Informationen über den Implantationsort, die Vitalität des Embryos und das Vorliegen einer Mehrlingsschwangerschaft gewonnen werden. Zudem ermöglicht die sonografische Beurteilung eine weitgehend zuverlässige Bestimmung des Gestationsalters. Unter dem Begriff „Abort“ wird im deutschsprachigen Raum ein (nichtartifizieller) Verlust der Schwangerschaft vor Eintritt der Lebensfähigkeit des Kindes verstanden. Von Bedeutung ist hierbei die Unterscheidung zwischen sporadischen und habituellen Aborten, wobei ein habituelles Abortgeschehen bei 3 oder mehr aufeinanderfolgenden Fehlgeburten vorliegt. Im ersten Kapitelteil wird auf die klinischen Stadien und die vielfältigen Ursachen von sporadischen Aborten eingegangen, währendem der zweite Kapitelteil die habituellen Aborte und ihre Risikofaktoren behandelt.
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von Steinburg, S., Schleußner, E., Kuon, R., Vomstein, K., Toth, B. (2018). Störung der Frühschwangerschaft und Aborte. In: Huppertz, B., Schleußner, E. (eds) Die Plazenta. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55622-1_10
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