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Perioperative Prophylaxe bei endourologischen Eingriffen

  • Chapter
Urogenitale Infektionen

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Zusammenfassung

Seit der Entdeckung des Penicillins in den 40er Jahren wurden Antibiotika immer auch aus prophylaktischen Gründen eingesetzt. Die zu Beginn hoch gesteckten Erwartungen wurden aber durch rasche Resistenzentwicklung und erhebliche Nebenwirkungen gedämpft. Die Idee der prophylaktischen Anwendung von Antibiotika zur Infektverhinderung wurde beinahe aufgegeben. Erst durch systematische Untersuchungen von Burke 1961 konnte in einer tierexperimentellen Studie gezeigt werden, daß Wundinfekte durch die prophylaktische Gabe von Antibiotika verhindert werden konnten (Burke 1961). Meerschweinchen wurde eine experimentelle Hautinzision mit Staphylokokken kontaminiert. Eine Kontrollgruppe wurde verglichen mit Tieren, die zu verschiedenen Zeiten vor und nach der Inzision Antibiotika erhielten. Die verwendeten Substanzen waren Penicillin G, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin und Achromycin. Burke fand, daß mit Antibiotika während einer definierten, kurzen Zeitperiode Wundinfekte verhindert werden konnten. Er etablierte dadurch das bis heute gebräuchliche Schema, daß man die Prophylaxe vor und nicht später als 3 h nach Operationsbeginn anfangen sollte.

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Authors
  1. T. Gasser
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377, München, Germany

    Alfons Hofstetter

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Gasser, T. (1999). Perioperative Prophylaxe bei endourologischen Eingriffen. In: Hofstetter, A. (eds) Urogenitale Infektionen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59883-8_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59883-8_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64165-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59883-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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