Abstract
Endourologic techniques, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and shockwave lithotripsy have become commonplace tools for urologists in the treatment of stone disease. The ease, efficacy, and safety of these techniques have minimized open surgical techniques. Although highly effective, the morbidity of the incision made open surgery impractical in most situations. In similar fashion, laparoscopy and robotics have revolutionized urologic surgery and are allowing the field to push the limits and indications of minimally invasive surgery. High quality of evidence is still lacking when discussing laparoscopic/robotic stone surgery. Primary stone surgery using laparoscopic/robotic techniques may be indicated in situations of anatomic abnormalities (e.g., horseshoe kidney, ectopic kidneys), concomitant ureteropelvic junction obstruction repair, diverticular stones, severe obesity, or multiple failed endourologic treatments. If laparoscopic techniques can maintain similar results to the open surgical approaches while minimizing the morbidity, it will inevitably have a larger role in the treatment of stones and should be considered as an adjunct to open surgery in the aforementioned situations.
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Ahmed, F., Jarrett, T.W. (2013). Laparoscopic/Robotic Stone Surgery. In: Knoll, T., Pearle, M. (eds) Clinical Management of Urolithiasis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28732-9_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28732-9_13
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