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Histopathologie

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Altersabhängige Makuladegeneration

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Zusammenfassung

Das retinale Pigmentepithel (PRE) grenzt mit seiner Basalmembran an die Bruch-Membran und Kapillaren der Aderhaut (Choriokapillaris ). Apikal steht es mit seinen Mikrowellen in engem Kontakt zu den Photorezeptoraußensegmenten. In einem komplizierten Stoffwechselaustausch zwischen Netzhaut und Aderhaut kommt dem RPE eine Schlüsselfunktion zu. Neben der Aufbereitung des Sehpigments im Sehzyklus werden die Membranscheiben der Photorezeptoraußensegmente durch die RPE-Zelle phagozytiert und in Richtung Choriokapillaris abgegeben. Weiterhin reguliert die Pumpfunktion des RPE das extrazelluläre Ionenmillieu der Photorezeptoren. Ein auf diese Weise erzeugter osmotischer Unterdruck sorgt gleichfalls auch für eine Adhäsion der Netzhaut am RPE und ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil zur Verhinderung von Netzhautablösungen. Produktion und Sekretion verschiedener Wachstumsfaktoren reguliert das Milieu für die Aufrechterhaltung der funktionellen Einheit aus Photorezeptoren, RPE und Choriokapillaris.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Augenabteilung, St. Franziskus Hospital, Hohenzollernring 74, 48145, Münster

    Dr. Albrecht Lommatzsch, Dr. Susanne Wasmuth & Prof. Dr. Daniel Pauleikhoff

  2. Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Strasse 2, 53127, Bonn

    Prof. Dr. F. G. Holz

  3. Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, EC1 V 2PD, London, Großbritannien

    Prof. Dr. A. C. Bird

Authors
  1. Dr. Albrecht Lommatzsch
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  2. Dr. Susanne Wasmuth
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  3. Prof. Dr. Daniel Pauleikhoff
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  4. Prof. Dr. F. G. Holz
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  5. Prof. Dr. A. C. Bird
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Lommatzsch, A., Wasmuth, S., Pauleikhoff, D., Holz, F.G., Bird, A.C. (2011). Histopathologie. In: Altersabhängige Makuladegeneration. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20870-6_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20870-6_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-20869-0

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