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Biomechanik des endoprothetisch versorgten Kniegelenks

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AE-Manual der Endoprothetik

Zusammenfassung

Die Häufigkeit von Kniegelenksarthrosen nimmt durch erhöhte Prävalenzraten im Alter und stetig steigende Lebenserwartung der Bevölkerung zu. Nach Ausschöpfung aller konservativen und operativen Maßnahmen bleibt der endoprothetische Kniegelenksersatz häufig die einzige Möglichkeit, Schmerzfreiheit und Gelenkfunktion wieder herzustellen sowie vorhandene Deformitäten zu korrigieren. Die Wiederaufnahme der individuellen Alltagsaktivitäten sowie die Selbstversorgung stehen dabei für den Patienten im Vordergrund. Nach Schätzungen von Endoprothesenherstellern wurden im Jahre 1997 weltweit annähernd 500.000 Kniegelenke implantiert (Puhl u. Decking 1998), im Jahr 2002 bereits ca. 800.000 mit steigender Tendenz (Leyen 2002). Die Knieendoprothetik hat mit den stetig steigenden Implantationszahlen ein hohes Maß an Sicherheit erlangt, so dass zunehmend auch jüngere aktive Patienten mit hohen Anforderungen an eine maximale Funktion endoprothetisch versorgt werden (Bergschmidt et al. 2008; Kircher et al. 2007). In der Erfassung des schwedischen Registers zeigte sich eine kumulative Revisionsrate nach 8,5 Jahren von 6 % für Patienten unter 65 Jahren und 2,5 % für Patienten über 65 Jahren (Harrysson et al. 2004).

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Correspondence to W. Mittelmeier .

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© 2011 Arbeitsgemeinschaft Endoprothetik

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Mittelmeier, W., Souffrant, R., Kluess, D., Bergschmidt, P., Bader, R. (2011). Biomechanik des endoprothetisch versorgten Kniegelenks. In: Wirtz, D. (eds) AE-Manual der Endoprothetik. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12889-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12889-9_6

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