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Sonstige Verfahren

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POCT — Patientennahe Labordiagnostik

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Auszug

Die meisten der derzeit am Markt verfügbaren mikrobiologischen Schnelltests basieren auf immunologischen Nachweisverfahren. Charakteristisch für alle immunologischen Nachweisverfahren.ist, dass sie auf einer hochspezifischen Antigen-Antikörper-Reaktion beruhen. Mittels dieses immunologischen Prinzips ist sowohl der qualitative Nachweis eines Analyten als auch die quantitative Bestimmung seiner Konzentration möglich. Der Testaufbau eines immunchemischen Tests kann besonders hinsichtlich der Entstehung und Auswertung der Testsignale erheblich variieren. Bewährte und für mikrobiologische Schnelltests häufig benutzte Formate sind die Partikelagglutination und die Immunchromatographie sowie die daraus hervorgegangenen Weiterentwicklungen wie beispielsweise der optische Immunoassay. Auf Basis von Nukleinsäureamplifikationstechniken (vor allem der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion, PCR) sind bislang nur wenige POC-Tests verfügbar; ihre Praktikabilität und Bewährung in der Praxis wird sich erst in den nächsten Jahren zeigen.

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  1. LADR GmbH, Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Geesthacht, Lauenburger Straße 67, 21502, Geesthacht

    Priv.-Doz. Dr. E. Stürenburg

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  1. Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie am Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München

    Peter B. Luppa

  2. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms, Universität Bonn, Nadistr. 14, 80809, München

    Harald Schlebusch

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Stürenburg, E. (2008). Sonstige Verfahren. In: Luppa, P.B., Schlebusch, H. (eds) POCT — Patientennahe Labordiagnostik. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79152-2_14

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