Abstract
The duration of the life cycle of O. tholozani is related to the presence of hosts; it can last between 7 and 12 months if hosts are abundant. However, tick stages (third stage nymphs and adults) can live for 10 years in starvation when there is irregular host availability. Long-term survival of O. tholozani individuals up to 20 years was reported under laboratory conditions. All stages of O. tholozani feed and blood sucking lasts 20–30 min. Normally, females feed, mate and oviposit several times in their life; each egg batch includes 100–229 eggs. However, some females may show autogenous oviposition (oviposition without a blood meal in the adult stage); this behaviour was related to a larger female size at ecdysis, but the number of eggs is smaller in autogenous batches compared to regular batches.
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Kleinerman, G., Baneth, G. (2017). Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) tholozani (Laboulbène and Mégnin, 1882) (Figs. 21 and 22). In: Estrada-Peña, A., Mihalca, A., Petney, T. (eds) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63760-0_16
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