Abstract
Osteoporosis, as a multifaceted disorder, requires a multidisciplinary approach to achieve the most successful management. Osteoporosis, in general, is a preventable disorder. Maintenance of bone mass depends on several factors, including proper level of physical activity (PA), hormones, and nutrition. Early diagnosis of low bone mass and provision of measures to prevent further bone loss are essential. Application of proper mechanical load can stimulate osteogenic activity. The best preventive measures start in childhood, including proper nutrition and PA. Later in life, the level of PA plays a significant role. Maintaining a moderate level of PA through a regular exercise program, combined with a balanced diet and proper calcium and vitamin D intake, is fundamental to bone and muscle health. Prevention of falls and fractures need to be addressed. Both indication and type of spinal orthosis need to be addressed. In the case of osteoporosis and fragility, an exercise program needs to be prescribed according to the level of bone mineral density (BMD), while being progressive and challenging. These exercises will be discussed in detail in a chapter devoted to exercise.
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Sinaki, M., Pfeifer, M. (2017). Osteoporosis: Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Prevention. In: Sinaki, M., Pfeifer, M. (eds) Non-Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54016-0_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54016-0_1
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