Abstract
Much of the available research on psychotherapy outcome has been characterized by puzzling and counterintuitive findings, termed dose-paradox in a former review (Giles, 1993). For example, results of inpatient mental health treatment fail to surpass, and are often inferior to, results obtained from partial care or other less restrictive treatments (Kiesler, 1982). This paradox also appears to be the case in the treatment of substance abuse (Miller, 1991; Miller & Hester, 1986). Insightoriented therapy appears to produce results which are independent of the length of its administration (Rachman & Wilson, 1980). Although not as uniform an effect, paraprofessionals tend to attain results roughly equal to those of highly experienced professionals (Strupp & Hadley, 1979; Zilbergeld, 1983).
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References
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Appendix: Comparative Studies Showing Superiority of Directive Psychotherapies
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Giles, T.R., Neims, D.M., Prial, E.M. (1993). The Relative Efficacy of Prescriptive Techniques. In: Giles, T.R. (eds) Handbook of Effective Psychotherapy. The Plenum Behavior Therapy Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2914-9_2
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