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Wirkungsmechanismen der EKT

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Elektrokonvulsionstherapie kompakt

Zusammenfassung

Die Elektrokonvulsionstherapie (EKT) wirkt bei klinisch heterogenen Syndromen: Neben antidepressiven, antimanischen, antipsychotischen, antikonvulsiven, antisuizidalen, stimmungsstabilisierenden und antikatatonen Eigenschaften wurden positive Effekte auf motorische Symptome des Morbus Parkinson beschrieben. Eine umfassende Theorie des Wirkmechanismus existiert bislang noch nicht. In human- und tierexperimentellen Studien mit EKT bzw. ECS, dem Tiermodell der EKT, konnten jedoch Veränderungen verschiedener potenziell antidepressiv wirksamer Hormone, Neurotransmitter und ihrer Rezeptoren, verschiedener Neuropeptide und neurotropher Faktoren festgestellt werden. Zudem konnten eine EKT-bedingte kurzzeitige Öffnung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke und eine Zunahme des zerebralen Blutflusses nachgewiesen werden. Mittels Bildgebung konnten eine teilweise Normalisierung von Fasertraktanomalien sowie eine Normalisierung der funktionellen Konnektivität depressiver Patienten durch EKT gezeigt werden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Klinik für Neurologie, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    Hildegard Janouschek

  2. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    Thomas Nickl-Jockschat

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Correspondence to Hildegard Janouschek .

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  1. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Michael Grözinger

  2. Psychiatrischer Dienst Bozen, Bozen, Italy

    Andreas Conca

  3. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

    Thomas Nickl-Jockschat

  4. Landeskrankenhaus Rankweil, Rankweil, Austria

    Jan Di Pauli

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Janouschek, H., Nickl-Jockschat, T. (2013). Wirkungsmechanismen der EKT. In: Grözinger, M., Conca, A., Nickl-Jockschat, T., Di Pauli, J. (eds) Elektrokonvulsionstherapie kompakt. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25629-5_14

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