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Erschienen in: Journal für Urologie und Urogynäkologie/Österreich 4/2019

24.07.2019 | Urologie | Originalien

BPO/LUTS – Aktuelles zur medikamentösen Therapie

verfasst von: Dr. Thomas Burtscher, FEBU, PD Dr. Jasmin Bektic, FEBU

Erschienen in: Journal für Urologie und Urogynäkologie/Österreich | Ausgabe 4/2019

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Zusammenfassung

„Lower urinary tract symptoms“ (LUTS) gehören zu den häufigsten Beschwerden der Patienten in der täglichen urologischen Praxis, wobei eine benigne Prostatavergrößerung die häufigste Ursache für LUTS bei Männern darstellt. Für die Therapie, die nur bei subjektiv störender Symptomatik eingeleitet werden sollte, stehen neben einer operativen Sanierung zunächst konservative und medikamentöse Therapiestrategien zur Verfügung. Diverse Phytotherapeutika führen zwar zur Verbesserung der Symptomatik (IPSS [„international prostate symptome score“]) und des Harnstrahls (Qmax), die Krankheitsprogression wird jedoch nicht beeinflusst. Ähnliches, wenn auch deutlich besser untersucht, gilt für die Gruppe der schnell wirksamen α1-Blocker. Bei Patienten mit einem Prostatavolumen <40 ml gelten sie als Mittel der ersten Wahl. Mit einer Reduktion des Prostatavolumens und damit einhergehend einer Verhinderung der Krankheitsprogression bilden 5α-Reduktase-Hemmer eine wichtige Säule in der medikamentösen Therapie der männlichen LUTS. Ein Wirkungseintritt ist jedoch frühestens nach 3‑monatiger Therapiedauer zu erwarten. Mit Tadalafil, 5 mg/Tag, steht auch ein PDE5-Hemmer („Phosphodiesterase-5“) für die Pharmakotherapie der LUTS zur Verfügung. Neben der Verbesserung einer ED („Erektile Dysfunktion“) vermindert die Behandlung auch die LUTS-Symptomatik (IPSS). Patienten, bei denen die Harnspeichersymptomatik vordergründig ist, profitieren von einer Therapie mit verschiedenen Muskarinrezeptorantagonisten. Dabei sollte im Vorfeld eine ausgeprägte subvesikale Obstruktion mit Restharnbildung ausgeschlossen werden. Bei schlechter Verträglichkeit dieser Substanzgruppe (Mundtrockenheit, Obstipation) kann alternativ der Beta-3-Agonist Mirabegron eingesetzt werden, der bei ähnlicher Wirksamkeit besser verträglich ist, sofern keine ausgeprägte Hypertonie bekannt ist. Die angeführten Substanzgruppen wurden in verschiedenen Kombinationen getestet, wobei neben der erwünschten additiven Wirkung auch eine Verstärkung der Nebenwirkungen berücksichtigt werden muss.
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Metadaten
Titel
BPO/LUTS – Aktuelles zur medikamentösen Therapie
verfasst von
Dr. Thomas Burtscher, FEBU
PD Dr. Jasmin Bektic, FEBU
Publikationsdatum
24.07.2019
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Schlagwort
Urologie
Erschienen in
Journal für Urologie und Urogynäkologie/Österreich / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 1023-6090
Elektronische ISSN: 1680-9424
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41972-019-0076-0