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Erschienen in:

21.01.2022 | case report

Systemic capillary leak syndrome following granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy in a T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma patient: a case report

verfasst von: Ahmed H. Al Sharie, Yazan O. Al Zu’bi, Sarah Al Sharie, Hawra A. Baydoun, Farah H. Atawneh, Osama Alshari, Dima Albals

Erschienen in: memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Summary

Introduction

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a rare and often fatal clinical entity used to describe a generalized increase in vascular permeability leading to fluid extravasation toward the interstitial compartment. SCLS could be an idiopathic disease or secondary to infections, malignancies or drugs.

Case

We present a case of presumably granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced SCLS in a 21-year-old man diagnosed with T‑lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. He received the 6th cycle (part B) of the hyper-CVAD chemotherapeutic regimen followed by the initiation of neutropenic fever prophylaxis protocol which included antibiotics and G‑CSF. In a course of hours, the patient became dyspneic, hypotensive, and edematous which required intensive care unit admission and was stabilized accordingly. In the following days the patient’s anasarca progressively increased which was associated with hypoalbuminemia, hypotension and anemia with pericardial and bilateral plural effusions. As a diagnosis of exclusion augmented by the acuity of such clinical event, observed concomitantly with the administration of the prophylaxis protocol, the suspicion of G‑CSF-induced SCLS was established. Consequently, G‑CSF was discontinued and treatment with dexamethasone and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) was started. The patient’s condition improved significantly illustrated by hemodynamic stability in addition to improvement regarding the anasarca, hypoalbuminemia, and anemia. Follow-up scans suggest resolution of the pericardial and plural effusions.

Conclusion

SCLS remains a serios and potentially fatal complication of G‑CSF administration which should be taken into consideration, since such medication is widely utilized in oncology wards.
Literatur
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Metadaten
Titel
Systemic capillary leak syndrome following granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy in a T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma patient: a case report
verfasst von
Ahmed H. Al Sharie
Yazan O. Al Zu’bi
Sarah Al Sharie
Hawra A. Baydoun
Farah H. Atawneh
Osama Alshari
Dima Albals
Publikationsdatum
21.01.2022
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1865-5041
Elektronische ISSN: 1865-5076
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12254-021-00789-z