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17.08.2021 | original article

Risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in Croatia

verfasst von: Goran Glodić, Miroslav Samaržija, Ivan Sabol, Ljiljana Bulat Kardum, Vesna Carević Vladić, Feđa Džubur, Marko Jakopović, Ivana Kuhtić, Ante Marušić, Dina Mihelčić, Sanja Popović Grle, Dražen Strelec, Tomislav Šklebar, Ana Marija Šola, Ljiljana Žmak, Jakko van Ingen, Mateja Janković Makek

Erschienen in: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift | Ausgabe 21-22/2021

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Summary

Background

The incidence, geographical distribution and clinical relevance of different nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Croatia are well described. There are few data on the risk factors for developing NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in this setting.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study on all Croatian residents with NTM isolated from respiratory samples in the period from 2006 to 2015 with follow-up to 2018. The American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) guidelines were used to establish NTM-PD diagnosis. Clinical, radiological and treatment data were collected from hospital records.

Results

Risk analysis calculations were made on the 439 isolation episodes that were classified as definitive NTM-PD (n = 137) or no disease (n = 302). Female gender, presence of bronchiectasis, low BMI and long-term systemic corticosteroid treatment were independent risk factors associated with NTM-PD. Hemoptysis and malaise were presenting symptoms independently associated with NTM-PD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and low/moderate dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment were not associated with NTM-PD. High dose ICS treatment was a significant risk factor for developing NTM-PD (aOR = 4.73, CI 1.69-13.23 p = 0.003).

Conclusion

The NTM-PD patients in Croatia are similar to those in other published cohorts in terms of their characteristics and risk factors. The significant dose-dependent association between ICS use and NTM-PD adds to the body of evidence suggesting that high dose ICS use is associated with NTM-PD.
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Metadaten
Titel
Risk factors for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in Croatia
verfasst von
Goran Glodić
Miroslav Samaržija
Ivan Sabol
Ljiljana Bulat Kardum
Vesna Carević Vladić
Feđa Džubur
Marko Jakopović
Ivana Kuhtić
Ante Marušić
Dina Mihelčić
Sanja Popović Grle
Dražen Strelec
Tomislav Šklebar
Ana Marija Šola
Ljiljana Žmak
Jakko van Ingen
Mateja Janković Makek
Publikationsdatum
17.08.2021
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift / Ausgabe 21-22/2021
Print ISSN: 0043-5325
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-021-01923-x