Skip to main content
Erschienen in:

04.05.2023 | Geriatrie

Rheuma und Geriatrie

verfasst von: Dr. med. Michael Smeikal, MSc

Erschienen in: rheuma plus | Ausgabe 3/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Bei vielen entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen zeigt sich die höchste Inzidenz im fortgeschrittenen Lebensalter. Unbehandelt gehen viele dieser Erkrankungen mit einer erhöhten Mortalität einher. Gerade hochaltrige Patienten haben wegen häufiger Komorbiditäten ein zusätzlich erhöhtes Risiko an einer rheumatisch-entzündlichen Erkrankung zu versterben, werden aber aus unterschiedlichen Gründen seltener leitlinienkonform z. B. mit Biologika behandelt, sodass dieser Behandlungsvorteil oft nicht ausgeschöpft wird. In Hinblick auf die Entwicklung rheumatologischer Erkrankungen sind nicht alle Einflussfaktoren und Ursachen vollständig geklärt. Im fortgeschrittenen Alter begünstigt die zunehmende Immunseneszenz mit einer altersassoziierten erhöhten Produktion an proinflammatorischen Zytokinen die Entstehung sowohl von rheumatischen als auch von kardiovaskulären und demenziellen Erkrankungen, was die erhöhte Inzidenz dieser Erkrankungen bei Hochbetagten fördert. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die wichtigsten im Alter häufig auftretenden rheumatisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen vorgestellt. Außerdem werden die derzeit aktuellen innovativen Therapiekonzepte unter besonderer Beachtung von Biologika und ihrer Wirkweisen, Indikationen und möglichen Nebenwirkungen aufgeführt und geriatrisch-rheumatologische Empfehlungen zum Management der Erkrankungen gegeben.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Statistik Austria (2019) Österreichische Gesundheitsbefragung Statistik Austria (2019) Österreichische Gesundheitsbefragung
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Alamanos Y, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA (2006) Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria: a systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 36:182–188PubMed Alamanos Y, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA (2006) Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria: a systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 36:182–188PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Doran MF, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Hunder GG, Gabriel SE (2002) Trends in the incidence of polymyalgia rheumatica over a 30 year period in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA. J Rheumatol 29:1694–1697PubMed Doran MF, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Hunder GG, Gabriel SE (2002) Trends in the incidence of polymyalgia rheumatica over a 30 year period in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA. J Rheumatol 29:1694–1697PubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimes DA, Schulz KF (2002) Bias and causal associations in observational research. Lancet 359:248–252PubMed Grimes DA, Schulz KF (2002) Bias and causal associations in observational research. Lancet 359:248–252PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM (1999) Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: have we made an impact in 4 decades? J Rheumatol 26:2529–2533PubMed Gabriel SE, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM (1999) Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: have we made an impact in 4 decades? J Rheumatol 26:2529–2533PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Riise T, Jacobson BK, Gran JT, Haga HJ, Arnesen E (2001) Total mortality is increased in rheumatoid arthritis. A 17-year prospective study. Clin Rheumatol 20:123–127PubMed Riise T, Jacobson BK, Gran JT, Haga HJ, Arnesen E (2001) Total mortality is increased in rheumatoid arthritis. A 17-year prospective study. Clin Rheumatol 20:123–127PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Nilsson JA, Petersson IF, Lindqvist E, Saxne T, Geborek P (2007) Treatment with TNF blockers and mortality risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 66:670–675PubMed Jacobsson LT, Turesson C, Nilsson JA, Petersson IF, Lindqvist E, Saxne T, Geborek P (2007) Treatment with TNF blockers and mortality risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 66:670–675PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Solana R, Tarazona R, Gayoso I, Lesur O, Dupuis G, Fulop T (2012) Innate immunosenescence: effect of aging on cells and receptors of the innate immune system in humans. Semin Immunol 24:331–341PubMed Solana R, Tarazona R, Gayoso I, Lesur O, Dupuis G, Fulop T (2012) Innate immunosenescence: effect of aging on cells and receptors of the innate immune system in humans. Semin Immunol 24:331–341PubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Pawlik A, Ostanek L, Brzosko I, Brzosko M, Masiuk M, Machalinski B, Gawronska-Szklarz B (2003) The expansion of CD4+CD28− T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 5:R210–R213PubMedPubMedCentral Pawlik A, Ostanek L, Brzosko I, Brzosko M, Masiuk M, Machalinski B, Gawronska-Szklarz B (2003) The expansion of CD4+CD28− T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 5:R210–R213PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw AC, Goldstein DR, Montgomery RR (2013) Age-dependent dysregulation of innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 13:875–887PubMedPubMedCentral Shaw AC, Goldstein DR, Montgomery RR (2013) Age-dependent dysregulation of innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 13:875–887PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Petersen L, Grassi-Oliveira R, Siara T, Ribeiro dos Santos SG, Ilha M, de Nardi T, Keisermann M, Bauer M (2015) Premature immunosenescence is associated with memory dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis. Neuroimmunomodulation 22:130–137PubMed Petersen L, Grassi-Oliveira R, Siara T, Ribeiro dos Santos SG, Ilha M, de Nardi T, Keisermann M, Bauer M (2015) Premature immunosenescence is associated with memory dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis. Neuroimmunomodulation 22:130–137PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Petersen LE, Baptista TSA, Molina JK et al (2018) Cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis: role of lymphocyte subsets, cytokines and neurotrophic factors. Clin Rheumatol 37:1171–1181PubMed Petersen LE, Baptista TSA, Molina JK et al (2018) Cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis: role of lymphocyte subsets, cytokines and neurotrophic factors. Clin Rheumatol 37:1171–1181PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Albrecht K, Callhoff J, Strangfeld A (2022) Is the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis truly on the rise? Z Rheumatol 81(4):323–327PubMedPubMedCentral Albrecht K, Callhoff J, Strangfeld A (2022) Is the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis truly on the rise? Z Rheumatol 81(4):323–327PubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Doran MF, Pond GR, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE (2002) Trends in incidence and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, over a forty-year period. Arthritis Rheum 46:625–631PubMed Doran MF, Pond GR, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Gabriel SE (2002) Trends in incidence and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, over a forty-year period. Arthritis Rheum 46:625–631PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Bajocchi G, La Corte R, Locaputo A, Govoni M, Trotta F (2000) Elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis: clinical aspects. Clin Exp Rheumatol 18(4 Suppl 20):S49–S50PubMed Bajocchi G, La Corte R, Locaputo A, Govoni M, Trotta F (2000) Elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis: clinical aspects. Clin Exp Rheumatol 18(4 Suppl 20):S49–S50PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Mc Carty DJ, O’Duffy JD, Pearson L, Hunter JB (1985) RS3PE syndrome. JAMA 254:2763–2767PubMed Mc Carty DJ, O’Duffy JD, Pearson L, Hunter JB (1985) RS3PE syndrome. JAMA 254:2763–2767PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Olive A, del Blanco J, Pons M, Vaquero M, Tena X (1997) The clinical spectrum of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema. The Catalan Group for the Study of RS3PE. J Rheumatol 24:333–336PubMed Olive A, del Blanco J, Pons M, Vaquero M, Tena X (1997) The clinical spectrum of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema. The Catalan Group for the Study of RS3PE. J Rheumatol 24:333–336PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Oliveri I, Salvarani C, Cantini F (1997) Remitting distal extremity swelling with pitting oedema: a distinct syndrome or a clinical feature of different inflammatory rheumatic diseases? J Rheumatol 24:249–252 Oliveri I, Salvarani C, Cantini F (1997) Remitting distal extremity swelling with pitting oedema: a distinct syndrome or a clinical feature of different inflammatory rheumatic diseases? J Rheumatol 24:249–252
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Arima K et al (2005) RS3PE syndrome presenting as vascular endothelial growth factor associated disorder. Ann Rheum Dis 64(11):1653–1655PubMedPubMedCentral Arima K et al (2005) RS3PE syndrome presenting as vascular endothelial growth factor associated disorder. Ann Rheum Dis 64(11):1653–1655PubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Tada Y, Sato H, Yoshizawa S, Kimura H, Kitamura M, Kusaba T, Nagasawa K (1997) Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema associated with gastric carcinoma. J Rheumatol 24:974–975PubMed Tada Y, Sato H, Yoshizawa S, Kimura H, Kitamura M, Kusaba T, Nagasawa K (1997) Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema associated with gastric carcinoma. J Rheumatol 24:974–975PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Cantini F, Olivieri I, Salvarani C (1998) More on remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema as paraneoplastic syndrome. J Rheumatol 25:188–189PubMed Cantini F, Olivieri I, Salvarani C (1998) More on remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema as paraneoplastic syndrome. J Rheumatol 25:188–189PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Sayarlioglu M (2004) Remitting serongative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema (RS3PE) syndrome and malignancy. Eur J Ger Med 1:3–5 Sayarlioglu M (2004) Remitting serongative symmetrical synovitis with pitting oedema (RS3PE) syndrome and malignancy. Eur J Ger Med 1:3–5
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Colombo MG, Wetzel AJ, Haumann H, Dally S, Kirtschig G, Joos S (2022) Polymyalgia rheumatica—sex-specific epidemiology, diagnostic and therapeutic approach, and medical care. Dtsch Arztebl Int 119:411–417PubMed Colombo MG, Wetzel AJ, Haumann H, Dally S, Kirtschig G, Joos S (2022) Polymyalgia rheumatica—sex-specific epidemiology, diagnostic and therapeutic approach, and medical care. Dtsch Arztebl Int 119:411–417PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Gazitt T, Zisman D, Gardner G (2020) Polymyalgia rheumatica: a common disease in seniors. Curr Rheumatol Rep 22:40PubMed Gazitt T, Zisman D, Gardner G (2020) Polymyalgia rheumatica: a common disease in seniors. Curr Rheumatol Rep 22:40PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Camellino D, Giusti A, Girasole G, Bianchi G, Dejaco C (2019) Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of polymyalgia rheumatica. Drugs Aging 36:1015–1026PubMed Camellino D, Giusti A, Girasole G, Bianchi G, Dejaco C (2019) Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of polymyalgia rheumatica. Drugs Aging 36:1015–1026PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Hemmig K et al (2022) Subclinical giant cell arteritis in new onset polymyalgia rheumatica A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Semin Arthritis Rheum 55:152017PubMed Hemmig K et al (2022) Subclinical giant cell arteritis in new onset polymyalgia rheumatica A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Semin Arthritis Rheum 55:152017PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Dasgupta B, Cimmino MA, Kremers HM et al (2012) 2012 provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 64:943–954PubMed Dasgupta B, Cimmino MA, Kremers HM et al (2012) 2012 provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum 64:943–954PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Buttgereit F, Brabant T, Dinges H et al (2018) S3-Leitlinie zur Behandlung der Polymyalgia rheumatica. Z Rheumatol 77:429–441PubMed Buttgereit F, Brabant T, Dinges H et al (2018) S3-Leitlinie zur Behandlung der Polymyalgia rheumatica. Z Rheumatol 77:429–441PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Dejaco C, Singh YP, Perel P et al (2015) 2015 recommendations for the management of polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 74:1799–1807PubMed Dejaco C, Singh YP, Perel P et al (2015) 2015 recommendations for the management of polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 74:1799–1807PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat George EF et al (2022) Does age matter in psoriatic arthritis? A narrative review. J Rheumatol 49:1085–1091 George EF et al (2022) Does age matter in psoriatic arthritis? A narrative review. J Rheumatol 49:1085–1091
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Punzi L, Pianon M, Rossini P, Schiavon F, Gambari PF (1999) Clinical and laboratory manifestations of elderly onset psoriatic arthritis: a comparison with younger onset disease. Ann Rheum Dis 58:226–229PubMedPubMedCentral Punzi L, Pianon M, Rossini P, Schiavon F, Gambari PF (1999) Clinical and laboratory manifestations of elderly onset psoriatic arthritis: a comparison with younger onset disease. Ann Rheum Dis 58:226–229PubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Bilgin E et al (2021) Disease characteristics of psoriatic arthritis patients may differ according to age at psoriasis onset: cross-sectional data from the Psoriatic Arthritis-International Database. Clin Exp Rheumatol 39:532–536PubMed Bilgin E et al (2021) Disease characteristics of psoriatic arthritis patients may differ according to age at psoriasis onset: cross-sectional data from the Psoriatic Arthritis-International Database. Clin Exp Rheumatol 39:532–536PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Khraishi M et al (2011) Prevalence of patient-reported comorbidities in early and established psoriatic arthritis cohorts. Clin Rheumatol 30:877–885PubMed Khraishi M et al (2011) Prevalence of patient-reported comorbidities in early and established psoriatic arthritis cohorts. Clin Rheumatol 30:877–885PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Smolen JS et al (2020) EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. Ann Rheum Dis 79(6):685–699PubMed Smolen JS et al (2020) EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. Ann Rheum Dis 79(6):685–699PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Lahaye C, Tatar Z, Dubost JJ, Tournadre A, Soubrier M (2019) Management of inflammatory rheumatic conditions in the elderly. Rheumatology 58(5):748–764PubMed Lahaye C, Tatar Z, Dubost JJ, Tournadre A, Soubrier M (2019) Management of inflammatory rheumatic conditions in the elderly. Rheumatology 58(5):748–764PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial Archive Group (1995) The effect of age and renal function on the efficacy and toxicity of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 22:21823 Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial Archive Group (1995) The effect of age and renal function on the efficacy and toxicity of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 22:21823
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Ricceri F, Bardazzi F, Chiricozzi A, Dapavo P, Ferrara F, Mugheddu C, Romanelli M, Rongioletti F, Prignano F (2019) Elderly psoriatic patients under biological therapies: an Italian experience. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 33(1):143–146PubMed Ricceri F, Bardazzi F, Chiricozzi A, Dapavo P, Ferrara F, Mugheddu C, Romanelli M, Rongioletti F, Prignano F (2019) Elderly psoriatic patients under biological therapies: an Italian experience. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 33(1):143–146PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Schneeweiss S, Setoguchi S, Weinblatt ME, Katz JN, Avorn J, Sax PE, Levin R, Solomon DH (2007) Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy and the risk of serious bacterial infections in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 56(6):1 Schneeweiss S, Setoguchi S, Weinblatt ME, Katz JN, Avorn J, Sax PE, Levin R, Solomon DH (2007) Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy and the risk of serious bacterial infections in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 56(6):1
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Widdifield J, Bernatsky S, Paterson JM, Gunraj N, Thorne JC, Pope J, Cividino A, Bombardier C (2013) Serious infections in a population-based cohort of 86,039 seniors with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 65(3):353–361 Widdifield J, Bernatsky S, Paterson JM, Gunraj N, Thorne JC, Pope J, Cividino A, Bombardier C (2013) Serious infections in a population-based cohort of 86,039 seniors with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 65(3):353–361
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Gazitt T, Zisman D, Gardner G (2020) Polymyalgia rheumatica: a common disease in seniors. Curr Rheumatol Rep 22(8):40PubMed Gazitt T, Zisman D, Gardner G (2020) Polymyalgia rheumatica: a common disease in seniors. Curr Rheumatol Rep 22(8):40PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Macchioni P, Boiardi L, Catanoso M, Pulsatelli L, Pipitone N, Meliconi R, Salvarani C (2013) Tocilizumab for polymyalgia rheumatica: report of two cases and review of the literature. Semin Arthritis Rheum 43(1):113–118PubMed Macchioni P, Boiardi L, Catanoso M, Pulsatelli L, Pipitone N, Meliconi R, Salvarani C (2013) Tocilizumab for polymyalgia rheumatica: report of two cases and review of the literature. Semin Arthritis Rheum 43(1):113–118PubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Specker C et al (2022) The safety and effectiveness of tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in patients with comorbidities associated with age. Clin Exp Rheumatol 40(9):1657–1665PubMed Specker C et al (2022) The safety and effectiveness of tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in patients with comorbidities associated with age. Clin Exp Rheumatol 40(9):1657–1665PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Pers YM et al (2015) Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 82(1):25–30PubMed Pers YM et al (2015) Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 82(1):25–30PubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Osuna CG, García SR, Martín JC, Jiménez VG, López FV, Santos-Juanes J (2021) Use of biological treatments in elderly patients with skin psoriasis in the real world. Life 11(12):1348PubMedPubMedCentral Osuna CG, García SR, Martín JC, Jiménez VG, López FV, Santos-Juanes J (2021) Use of biological treatments in elderly patients with skin psoriasis in the real world. Life 11(12):1348PubMedPubMedCentral
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Phan C et al (2020) Effectiveness and safety of anti-interleukin-17 therapies in elderly patients with psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 100(18):adv316PubMed Phan C et al (2020) Effectiveness and safety of anti-interleukin-17 therapies in elderly patients with psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 100(18):adv316PubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischmann R, Alam J, Arora V, Bradley J, Schlichting DE, Muram D, Smolen JS (2017) Safety and efficacy of baricitinib in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 3(2):e546PubMedPubMedCentral Fleischmann R, Alam J, Arora V, Bradley J, Schlichting DE, Muram D, Smolen JS (2017) Safety and efficacy of baricitinib in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 3(2):e546PubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Curtis JR, Schulze-Koops H, Takiya L, Mebus CA, Terry KK, Biswas P, Jones TV (2017) Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in older and younger patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 35(3):390–400PubMed Curtis JR, Schulze-Koops H, Takiya L, Mebus CA, Terry KK, Biswas P, Jones TV (2017) Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in older and younger patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 35(3):390–400PubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Oral Surveillance (Safety Study Of Tofacitinib Versus Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Inhibitor In Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis); ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02092467 Oral Surveillance (Safety Study Of Tofacitinib Versus Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Inhibitor In Subjects With Rheumatoid Arthritis); ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02092467
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Ebina K (2022) Drug efficacy and safety of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 32(2):256–262PubMed Ebina K (2022) Drug efficacy and safety of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 32(2):256–262PubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Lahaye C et al (2016) French Society of Rheumatology. effectiveness and safety of abatacept in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis enrolled in the French Society of Rheumatology’s ORA registry. Rheumatology 55(5):874–882PubMed Lahaye C et al (2016) French Society of Rheumatology. effectiveness and safety of abatacept in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis enrolled in the French Society of Rheumatology’s ORA registry. Rheumatology 55(5):874–882PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Temmoku J et al (2022) Comparing the effectiveness and safety of Abatacept and Tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS ONE 17(9):e274775PubMedPubMedCentral Temmoku J et al (2022) Comparing the effectiveness and safety of Abatacept and Tocilizumab in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS ONE 17(9):e274775PubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Mease PJ et al (2013) Long-term safety and tolerability of apremilast, an oral PD4 inhibitor, in patients with psoriatic arthritis: pooled safety analysis of three phase 3, randomized, controlled trials. Arthritis Rheumatol 65(Suppl 10):S131 Mease PJ et al (2013) Long-term safety and tolerability of apremilast, an oral PD4 inhibitor, in patients with psoriatic arthritis: pooled safety analysis of three phase 3, randomized, controlled trials. Arthritis Rheumatol 65(Suppl 10):S131
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Papp K et al (2015) Apremilast, an oral PDE4 inhibitor, in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: results of a phase III, randomized controlled trial [ESTEEM] 1. J Am Acad Dermatol 73(1):37–49PubMed Papp K et al (2015) Apremilast, an oral PDE4 inhibitor, in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: results of a phase III, randomized controlled trial [ESTEEM] 1. J Am Acad Dermatol 73(1):37–49PubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Zeyfang A, Zeeh J, Bahrmann A, Kugler JN, Heppner HJ (2021) Diabetes mellitus im Alter [Diabetes mellitus in old age]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 54(1):61–71PubMed Zeyfang A, Zeeh J, Bahrmann A, Kugler JN, Heppner HJ (2021) Diabetes mellitus im Alter [Diabetes mellitus in old age]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 54(1):61–71PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Smolen JS, Landewé R, Bijlsma J et al (2017) EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update. Ann Rheum Dis 76:96077 Smolen JS, Landewé R, Bijlsma J et al (2017) EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update. Ann Rheum Dis 76:96077
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Singh JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL et al (2016) 2015 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 68:126 Singh JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL et al (2016) 2015 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 68:126
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith CH, Jabbar-Lopez ZK, Yiu ZZ et al (2017) British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for biologic therapy for psoriasis 2017. Br J Dermatol 177:628636 Smith CH, Jabbar-Lopez ZK, Yiu ZZ et al (2017) British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for biologic therapy for psoriasis 2017. Br J Dermatol 177:628636
Metadaten
Titel
Rheuma und Geriatrie
verfasst von
Dr. med. Michael Smeikal, MSc
Publikationsdatum
04.05.2023
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
rheuma plus / Ausgabe 3/2023
Print ISSN: 1868-260X
Elektronische ISSN: 2191-2610
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12688-023-00615-w