Charakteristika von Studierenden, die pharmakologisches Neuroenhancement mit Stimulanzien betreiben: Eine Pilotstudie

 

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Zusammenfassung

Anliegen: Charakterisierung deutscher Studenten, die Methylphenidat (MPH) und/oder Amphetamine (AMPH) zum pharmakologischen Neuroenhancement (PN) konsumieren.

Methode: Semistrukturierte Interviews mit 20 Konsumenten und 20 Kontrollprobanden.

Ergebnisse: Die Konsumenten waren besser über die Möglichkeit der Einnahme illegaler Substanzen zum PN informiert als die Kontrollgruppe. AMPH-Konsumenten nahmen häufiger weitere illegale Substanzen zum PN ein als MPH-Konsumenten, während hinsichtlich legaler Substanzen zum PN kein Unterschied zwischen den beiden Konsumentengruppen bestand. AMPH-Konsumenten hatten AMPH vornehmlich nasal eingenommen. Insgesamt wiesen die Stimulanzienkonsumenten häufiger einen Substanzmissbrauch von Alkohol und THC auf, wobei sich im Vergleich von AMPH- und MPH-Konsumenten keine Unterschiede zeigten.

Schlussfolgerungen: Größere epidemiologische Studien sollten die Gefahr einer Missbrauchs- und Abhängigkeitsentwicklung durch PN analysieren.

Abstract

Objective: Little is known regarding characteristics of subjects using substances exclusively for the purpose of pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN). Aim of this pilot study was to characterize students in Germany who use methylphenidate (MPH) and/or amphetamines (AMPH) for PN.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews among 20 students who reported the use of MPH/AMPH for PN and 20 matched controls.

Results: Subjects using stimulants for PN had significant better knowledge about further illicit substances for PN than controls. Users of AMPH more frequently used further illicit substances for PN than MPH users. Regarding prescription substances for PN no difference was found between MPH and AMPH users. AMPH users predominantly used AMPH intranasally for PN purposes. Stimulant users for PN used illicit substances (not for PN) more frequently with significantly higher rates of diagnoses of substance misuse of alcohol and THC (no difference between AMPH and MPH users).

Conclusions: Larger epidemiological studies are needed to elucidate the risk of misuse and addiction in subjects using stimulants for PN.

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