Current Approaches to Discover Marine Antileishmanial Natural Products

 

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Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a neglected infectious disease caused by kinetoplastid protozoans. An urgent need for novel chemotherapeutics exists. The current approaches to discover new antileishmanial compounds present many drawbacks, including high-cost and time-consuming bioassays. Thus, advances in leishmaniasis treatment are limited, and the development of screening assays is hindered. The combination of multidisciplinary approaches using standardised methods and synchronous projects could be an alternative to develop novel drugs for leishmaniasis treatment. In this review, we discuss the current status of leishmaniasis occurrence and treatment. In addition, we address the advantages and limitations of in vitro leishmaniasis bioassays and discuss the findings of drug discovery research using natural products. Finally, we comprehensively review the marine natural products that are active against Leishmania spp., including their natural sources and bioactivity profile.

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André G. Tempone

Department of Parasitology
Laboratory of Applied Toxinology on Anti-parasitic Drugs
Instituto Adolfo Lutz

Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar

Cerqueira Cesar

CEP 01246-000 – São Paulo/SP

Brazil

Phone: +55 11 30 68 29 91

Fax: +55 11 30 68 28 90

Email: atempone@ial.sp.gov.br