Haut- und Weichteilinfektionen – Erysipel, Phlegmone und Fasziitis

 

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Zusammenfassung

Haut- und Weichteilinfektionen umfassen eine heterogene Gruppe von Erkrankungen, die zu den häufigsten Infektionen in der ambulanten und stationären Praxis gehören. Zu unterscheiden sind leichte, oberflächliche von schweren und komplizierten Erkrankungen. Letztere erfordern neben einer antiinfektiven Therapie grundsätzlich eine (unverzügliche) chirurgische Behandlung, deren Zeitpunkt und Radikalität bei der nekrotisierenden Fasziitis für die Prognose entscheidend sind. Insbesondere an den unteren Extremitäten kann die Differenzialdiagnose schwierig sein. Da die üblichen serologischen Infektparameter unspezifisch sind, steht im Vordergrund eine genaue Anamnese und die klinische Untersuchung. Bildgebende Verfahren können ergänzend erfolgen, dürfen die dringlich notwendige operative Therapie aber nicht verzögern.

Abstract

Skin and soft tissue infections comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases that are among the most common infections in outpatient and inpatient practice. A distinction must be made between mild, superficial diseases and servere and complicated diseases. In addition to anti-infective therapy, severe and complicated infections require (immediate) surgical treatment, the timing and radicalness of which determine the prognosis especially for necrotizing fasciitis. Differential diagnosis can be difficult, particularly in the lower extremities. Since the usual serological infection parameters are non-specific, the focus is on a precise anamnesis and clinical examination. Imaging procedures can be used in addition, but must not delay the urgently necessary surgical treatment.

Publication History

Article published online:
08 May 2024

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