Hals, Nase und Ohren in der Schwerelosigkeit: die kosmischen Herausforderungen der HNO-Heilkunde

 

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Zusammenfassung

Die bemannte Raumfahrt stellt besondere Anforderungen an den menschlichen Körper, auch an die Organe im HNO-Bereich. Diese Organe spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Aufrechterhaltung der Gesundheit und Sicherheit der Astronauten im Weltraum. In diesem Beitrag werden häufige HNO-Probleme in der Raumfahrt besprochen, darunter Ödeme der oberen Atemwege, Mittelohr- und Mastoidergüsse, Hörverlust und Schwindel mit Übelkeit. Wir erörtern die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen, die zu diesen Beschwerden beitragen, ihre klinischen Erscheinungsformen und mögliche Behandlungsstrategien. Darüber hinaus untersuchen wir die möglichen Auswirkungen dieser Erkrankungen auf die Gesundheit der Astronauten und die Ergebnisse der Mission. Schließlich betonen wir die Bedeutung von Präventivmaßnahmen und zukünftiger Forschung in diesem Bereich, um die Gesundheit und Sicherheit der Astronauten auf zukünftigen Missionen zu optimieren.

Abstract

Manned spaceflight places special demands on the human body, including the organs in the ENT region. These organs play a critical role in maintaining the health and safety of astronauts in space. In this paper, we review common ENT problems of spaceflight, including upper airway edema, middle ear and mastoid effusions, hearing loss, and dizziness with nausea. We discuss the underlying mechanisms contributing to these complaints, their clinical manifestations, and potential treatment strategies. In addition, we examine the potential impact of these conditions on astronaut health and mission outcomes. Finally, we emphasize the importance of preventive measures and future research in this area to optimize astronaut health and safety on future missions.

Publication History

Article published online:
22 December 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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