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11.11.2024 | Osteoporose | Originalien

Osteoporose-Update

verfasst von: Dr. med. univ. Thara Jallali, Dr. med. univ. Elisabeth Reiser, Prof. Bettina Toth

Erschienen in: Gynäkologie in der Praxis | Ausgabe 4/2024

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Zusammenfassung

Osteoporose ist eine weit verbreitete Erkrankung, die durch verminderte Knochendichte und erhöhte Knochenbrüchigkeit gekennzeichnet ist. Die Diagnose erfolgt durch die Bestimmung der Knochendichte mittels Dualröntgenabsorptiometrie (DXA) (T-Score von ≤ −2,5). Neben genetischen und hormonellen Faktoren spielen auch Lebensstil und Ernährung eine Rolle. Prävalenz und Frakturrisiko steigen mit dem Alter, was erhebliche sozioökonomische Folgen hat, insbesondere durch Hüftfrakturen, die zu erhöhter Morbidität und Mortalität führen. Diagnostische Maßnahmen erfordern eine umfassende Anamnese, DXA-Messungen und ggf. Laboruntersuchungen. Die Basisdiagnostik sollte insbesondere bei Risikogruppen durchgeführt werden. Die Basistherapie umfasst eine ausreichende Kalzium- und Vitamin-D-Supplementierung und regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität. Bei erhöhtem Frakturrisiko, welches mit dem DVO-Modell berechnet wird, kommen medikamentöse Therapien wie Bisphosphonate, Denosumab oder osteoanabole Substanzen zum Einsatz. Eine regelmäßige Überwachung der Knochendichte und eine Anpassung der Therapie je nach Frakturrisiko sind entscheidend.
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Metadaten
Titel
Osteoporose-Update
verfasst von
Dr. med. univ. Thara Jallali
Dr. med. univ. Elisabeth Reiser
Prof. Bettina Toth
Publikationsdatum
11.11.2024
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Gynäkologie in der Praxis / Ausgabe 4/2024
Print ISSN: 3005-0758
Elektronische ISSN: 3005-0766
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41974-024-00343-9