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Erschienen in: neuropsychiatrie 4/2012

01.12.2012 | übersicht

Motivierende Gesprächsführung (Motivational Interviewing) in der Psychiatrie

verfasst von: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Sergei Mechtcheriakov, Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Maria Rettenbacher

Erschienen in: neuropsychiatrie | Ausgabe 4/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Motivierende Gesprächsführung – Motivational Interviewing (MI) – und ähnliche Kommunikationstechniken und Interventionsmethoden finden seit mehr als zwanzig Jahren breite Verwendung im Umgang mit Patienten mit Abhängigkeitserkrankungen. Intensive Forschung über die Effektivität und Wirkmechanismen sowie Versuche, die MI bei anderen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen anzuwenden, haben in den letzten Jahren zu einer großen Anzahl an wissenschaftlichen Publikationen zu diesem Thema geführt. MI zeigt sich besonders effektiv in Situationen, wo die Ambivalenz des Patienten im Bezug auf notwendige therapeutische Schritte eine der wichtigsten Hindernisse im therapeutischen Prozess darstellt. Dabei scheinen die spezifischen Kommunikationsfertigkeiten des Therapeuten, bei dem Patienten die sogenannte „Veränderungssprache“ auszulösen, eine besondere Rolle zu spielen. Die Patientengruppen, bei denen andere Faktoren als Ambivalenz den therapeutischen Prozess primär beeinflussen, scheinen in geringerem Maß von der MI zu profitieren. MI verkörpert einen Wandel im Umgang mit Patienten mit Abhängigkeits- und anderen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen: weg von einem „präskriptiven“, hin zu einem „supportiven“ Vorgehen. Aus diesem Grund ist es sinnvoll, die Grundsätze der MG in die Aus- und Weiterbildung der Psychiater zu implementieren.
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Metadaten
Titel
Motivierende Gesprächsführung (Motivational Interviewing) in der Psychiatrie
verfasst von
Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Sergei Mechtcheriakov
Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Maria Rettenbacher
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
neuropsychiatrie / Ausgabe 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0948-6259
Elektronische ISSN: 2194-1327
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-012-0042-6

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