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Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin 2/2019

11.03.2019 | Onkologie

Medikamentöse Therapie des metastasierten oder rezidivierten mutationsnegativen NSCLC

verfasst von: Dr. Achim Rittmeyer

Erschienen in: Wiener klinisches Magazin | Ausgabe 2/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Behandlung des metastasierten nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms (NSCLC) ohne behandelbare Treibermutation hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren insbesondere durch die Einführung der Immuncheckpointinhibitoren (ICI) rasch verändert.

Ziel

Ein kurzer historischer Abriss sowie der aktuelle Stand der Behandlung des NSCLC Stadium IV sollen knapp zusammengefasst werden.

Material und Methoden

Eine selektive Literaturrecherche der Datenbank Pubmed wurde durchgeführt. Suchbegriffe: NSCLC stage IV, checkpointinhibitors, chemotherapy.

Schlussfolgerung

Immuncheckpointinhibitoren wurden zunächst in der Zweitlinientherapie eingeführt, weil sie sich in mehreren großen Phase-III-Studien einer Standard-Docetaxel-Therapie als deutlich überlegen erwiesen hatten. Mittlerweile wird Pembrolizumab als Standard-Erstlinientherapie bei hoher Programmed-death-ligand-1(PD-L1)-Expression (Tumor Proportion Score [TPS] > 50 %) eingesetzt. In mehreren Phase-III-Studien hat sich eine Kombination mit ICI und Chemotherapie in der Erstlinientherapie einer Standardchemotherapie als überlegen erwiesen. Zulassungen für die Kombinationserstlinientherapie liegen für das nichtsquamöse NSCLC (nsNSCLC) bereits vor und weitere Zulassungen sind zu erwarten. Erst seit Einführung der ICI lässt sich bei einem Teil der Patienten mit metastasiertem NSCLC ein Langzeitüberleben von 3 Jahren und mehr erzielen.
Fußnoten
1
In Studien mit Atezolizumab verwendetes TC/IC-Scoring-System: TC = „tumour cells“, Tumorzellen, die positiv sind für PD-L1, TC 0 = < 1 %, TC 1 = 1–5 %, TC 2 = 5–49 %, TC 3 = >50 %; IC = „immune cells“, Fläche des Immunzellinfiltrats, welches positiv ist für PD-L1, IC 0 = < 1 %, IC 1 = 1–5 %, IC 2 = 5–9 %, IC 3 = > 10 %.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Medikamentöse Therapie des metastasierten oder rezidivierten mutationsnegativen NSCLC
verfasst von
Dr. Achim Rittmeyer
Publikationsdatum
11.03.2019
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Wiener klinisches Magazin / Ausgabe 2/2019
Print ISSN: 1869-1757
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-7817
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-019-0279-9

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