A population-based study of fall risk factors among people with multiple sclerosis in Stockholm county.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with increased likelihood of reporting a recent fall among people with multiple sclerosis. This study was exploratory in its intent to examine sense of coherence as a contextual influence on fall risk. The study also sought to confirm that variables previously identified as fall risk factors for people with multiple sclerosis persist when tested in a population-based sample. DESIGN: The study was cross-sectional and data was obtained in the context of a population-based study of people with multiple sclerosis living in Stockholm. SUBJECTS: A total of 164 people with multiple sclerosis, age range 19-79 years. METHODS: Data were gathered through established instruments. Key instruments utilized included the sense of coherence scale, the Lindmark Motor Capacity Assessment's subscale for balance, and the 10-metre walking test. A logistic regression model examined factors associated with reporting a fall in the past 3 months. RESULTS: Of the participants, 62 (38%) reported experiencing at least one fall in the past 3 months. Reduced walking speed, impaired balance, and weak sense of coherence were associated with falls in the past 3 months. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the importance of examining diverse and modifiable influences on fall risk, including walking speed, balance and sense of coherence, in future studies involving people with multiple sclerosis.