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Intravenous immunoglobulin and fibrosis

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Abstract

Fibrosis is a pathological process that includes scar formation and overproduction of extracellular matrix by the connective tissue as a response to tissue damage. Pathologies include pathological scarring as colloid and hypertrophic scars in the skin, cirrhosis of liver and gallbladder, pulmonary and bone-marrow fibrosis, and scleroderma. The molecular process is not different from normal formation of connective tissue and extracellular matrix in the normal organs. Major profibrotic agents are type 2 CD4-positive lymphocytes, CD40 receptor and ligand interaction, and the cytokines interleukin-4, transforming growth factor-β, and platelet-derived growth factor. The major antifibrotic agent is interferon-γ. Fibrosis was considered an irreversible process, at least clinically, and is still usually treated by anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents. No proven antifibrotic therapy has shown efficacy in ameliorating clinical fibrosis. Intravenous immunoglobulin has a very good safety profile, and was found to be an ameliorating agent for several fibrotic diseases, and hence could be a drug of choice to these patients and improve their quality of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine ‘B’ and The Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, el-Hashomer, Israel

    Vered Molina, Miri Blank & Yehuda Shoenfeld

  2. The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Vered Molina & Miri Blank

  3. Incumbent of the Laura Schwarz-Kipp Chair for Research of Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Yehuda Shoenfeld

Authors
  1. Vered Molina
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  2. Miri Blank
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  3. Yehuda Shoenfeld
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Correspondence to Yehuda Shoenfeld.

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Molina, V., Blank, M. & Shoenfeld, Y. Intravenous immunoglobulin and fibrosis. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol 29, 321–326 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1385/CRIAI:29:3:321

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