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Thromb Haemost 2011; 106(04): 712-723
DOI: 10.1160/TH11-03-0143
Cellular Proteolysis and Oncology
Schattauer GmbH

Malignant transformation in melanocytes is associated with increased production of procoagulant microvesicles

Luize G. Lima
1   Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
,
Andreia S. Oliveira
1   Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
,
Luiza C. Campos
2   Division of Experimental Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
,
Martin Bonamino
2   Division of Experimental Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
,
Roger Chammas
3   Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Claudio C. Werneck
4   Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Cristina P. Vicente
5   Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Marcello A. Barcinski
6   Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Lars C. Petersen
7   Biopharmaceuticals Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
,
Robson Q. Monteiro
1   Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Financial support: This research was supported by the Brazilian agencies: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho (FAPERJ), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP – 2007/01112–6 and 2009/00950–3), and Fundação do Câncer.
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 02 March 2011

Accepted after major revision: 30 June 2011

Publication Date:
29 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Shedding of microvesicles (MVs) by cancer cells is implicated in a variety of biological effects, including the establishment of cancer-associated hypercoagulable states. However, the mechanisms underlying malignant transformation and the acquisition of procoagulant properties by tumour-derived MVs are poorly understood. Here we investigated the procoagulant and prothrombotic properties of MVs produced by a melanocyte-derived cell line (melan-a) as compared to its tumourigenic melanoma counterpart Tm1. Tumour cells exhibit a two-fold higher rate of MVs production as compared to melan-a. Melanoma MVs display greater procoagulant activity and elevated levels of the clotting initiator protein tissue factor (TF). On the other hand, tumour- and melanocyte- derived MVs expose similar levels of the procoagulant lipid phosphatidylserine, displaying identical abilities to support thrombin generation by the prothrombinase complex. By using an arterial thrombosis model, we observed that melanoma- but not melanocyte-derived MVs strongly accelerate thrombus formation in a TF-dependent manner, and accumulate at the site of vascular injury. Analysis of plasma obtained from melanoma-bearing mice showed the presence of MVs with a similar procoagulant pattern as compared to Tm1 MVs produced in vitro. Remarkably, flow-cytometric analysis demonstrated that 60% of ex vivo MVs are TF-positive and carry the melanoma-associated antigen, demonstrating its tumour origin. Altogether our data suggest that malignant transformation in melanocytes increases the production of procoagulant MVs, which may contribute for a variety of coagulation- related protumoural responses.

Keywords

Microvesicles - cancer - melanocyte transformation - thrombosis

 

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