Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ARTICLESPredictors of Adolescent Suicide Attempts: A Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study of Norwegian Adolescents
Section snippets
Sample
Details about the sample and procedure have been described elsewhere (Wichstrøm, 1995a, Wichstrøm, 1999, Wichstrøm et al., 1996), and therefore only a brief outline is given here. Students from 67 representative schools in grades 7 through 12 (aged 12-20 years) comprised the initial sample of the Young in Norway study. The target sample consisted of 12,287 students. The response rate was 97.0%. Three schools were included at T1 (1992) for participation in the first wave of data collection only
Previous Suicide Attempts
At T1 8.2% (n = 757) reported that they had made a suicide attempt, and girls were almost twice as likely as boys to have attempted suicide. As can be seen from Table 1, adolescents not living with both parents had twice the relative risk compared with those living with both parents. Older adolescents had, as one should expect, more often made an attempt (Table 2). There was no deviation from linearity in this association (ΔLRχ2 = 0.80, not significant [NS]). For each category of psychiatric
DISCUSSION
A comprehensive set of risk and protective factors for previous and future suicide attempts was investigated in Norwegian adolescents. The sample was substantially larger and the follow-up period longer than in previous studies. The “lifetime” prevalence of suicide attempts was 8.2%, whereas 2.7% made an attempt during the 2-year study period. Future suicide attempts were multivariately predicted by previous attempt, suicidal ideation, gender (female), young age, not residing with parents,
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This research was supported with grants from the Norwegian Research Council and the Council for Mental Health. The author thanks Berit Grøholt, Heidi Hjelmeland, and Ingeborg Rossow for their valuable comments.