Acute Ischemic Heart DiseasePlasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 are increased in the coronary circulation in patients with acute coronary syndrome*
Section snippets
Study patients
Four groups of patients were included in this study. Group 1 consisted of 20 patients with anterior AMI (15 men and 5 women with a mean age of 65 years, ranging from 40 to 77 years). All these patients were admitted to our institution within 12 hours after the onset of AMI, and coronary angiography performed immediately after admission (average 6.6 ± 3.0 hours after onset, mean ± SD) revealed total occlusion in the LAD (12 patients) or subtotal occlusion in the LAD with a flow grade of 1 or 2
Clinical characteristics of the study groups
Table I shows the clinical characteristics of the 4 study group patients.Empty Cell Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Statistical significance No. 20 9 17 20 Age (y) 65 ± 2 66 ± 2 64 ± 2 62 ± 3 NS Sex (male/female) 15:5 7:2 13:4 14:6 NS Smoking 11/20 (55%) 7/9 (78%) 9/17 (53%) 6/20 (30%) NS Diabetes mellitus 11/20 (55%) 4/9 (44%) 10/17 (59%) 2/20 (10%) P =.0079 Hypertension (>140/90 mm Hg) 8/20 (40%) 5/9 (56%) 9/17 (53%) 7/20 (35%) NS Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 193 ± 8 186 ± 16 199 ± 10 201 ± 8 NS Triglycerides (mg/dL)
Discussion
By sampling blood simultaneously from the aortic root and great cardiac vein, the current study showed that the great cardiac vein–aortic root differences in plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in patients with ACS were both significantly higher than those in patients with SEA and control subjects with normal coronary arteries. Neither of the great cardiac vein–aortic root differences in the MMP-9 level nor that in the TIMP-1 level was correlated with any of the maximal creatine phosphokinase and
Acknowledgements
We thank Drs Y. Fujino, T. Miura, and T. Osanai for their help and comments on the current study.
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Reprint requests: Ken Okumura, MD, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Zaifu-cho 5, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.E-mail: [email protected]