Kann mit praxisorientierter curricularer Lehre das Interesse am Fach Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie geweckt werden?

 

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: In der Unfallchirurgie besteht ein gravierender Nachwuchsmangel, welcher sich in den letzten Jahren verschärft hat. Die Ursachen hierfür sind vielschichtig. Studien haben gezeigt, dass das Interesse am Fach Chirurgie im Verlauf des Medizinstudiums deutlich abnimmt. Um dem Nachwuchsmangel in der Klinik entgegenzuwirken, sollte schon im Studium das Interesse, insbesondere auch durch gute Lehrveranstaltungen, für das Fach Unfallchirurgie geweckt werden. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die aktuelle Form des Blockpraktikums der Unfallchirurgie unserer Universität als curriculare Pflichtveranstaltung aller Medizinstudenten prospektiv zu evaluieren.

Material und Methoden: Das untersuchte Praktikum der Unfallchirurgie findet im 5. klinischen Semester statt. Das Praktikum hat einen strukturierten Ablauf, wobei praktische Kurse, Beobachtungsmodule und Vorlesungen kombiniert werden. Für das Praktikum steht in der Klinik ein eigenes Lehr- und Schulungszentrum für die Durchführung der praktischen Anteile zur Verfügung. Es wurde mit einem anonymen Fragebogen nach der Gesamtbeurteilung, dem Lernerfolg der praktischen und theoretisch orientierten Module und dem spezifischen Interesse an der Unfallchirurgie gefragt.

Ergebnisse: Das evaluierte Blockpraktikum zeigte in der Gesamtbewertung dieser Studie ein sehr gutes Ergebnis mit einer Gesamtbewertung von 1,53 (Mittelwert) auf einer 6-Punkt-Likert-Skala. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Studenten, die sich vor dem Blockpraktikum nicht vorstellen konnten, in der Unfallchirurgie zu arbeiten, nach dem Praktikum signifikant mehr Interesse am Fach hatten. Die einzelnen praktischen Blöcke wurden von den Studierenden insgesamt sehr gut bewertet.

Schlussfolgerung: Wir konnten zeigen, dass es mit intensiver, qualitativ hochwertiger Lehre möglich ist, auch bei für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie primär wenig aufgeschlossenen Studierenden, das Interesse an diesem Fach zu wecken.

Abstract

Background: There is a serious lack of young doctors in trauma surgery, which has intensified in recent years. The reasons are complex. Studies have shown that the interest in starting a career in surgery significantly decreases during medical school. To counteract the lack of young talent in the clinic, interest in the subject should be aroused in medical school. The aim of the present study was to evaluate current teaching at our university, where trauma surgery is a curricular subject with mandatory attendance for all medical students.

Material and Methods: The current curriculum is intended for medicine students in their fifth year. The curriculum comprises lectures, practical courses and observation modules held in small groups. Students are provided with an experienced surgeon as teacher and mentor for the whole week. A teaching and training centre is available for the practical courses. In an anonymised questionnaire, students were asked about their overall assessment and the training success of practical and theory-oriented modules, as well as their specific interest in traumatology.

Results: The evaluated curriculum gave very good results, with an overall rating of 1.53 (average) on a 6-point Likert scale in the overall assessment. It could be shown that students previously not interested in starting a career in trauma surgery showed significantly more interest in the subject after the curriculum. The practical parts scored best in the individual assessment.

Conclusion: We showed that intensive teaching can arouse interest in traumatology in students who had been indifferent to orthopaedics and traumatology.

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